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Lang and Gender
Lang and gender
Language and Gender
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Isabella
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Cards (110)
What is the main topic of the video?
Language and gender
theories
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What are the two main scopes of language and gender theories?
Dominance theories
and
difference theories
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What does the dominance approach propose?
Men
are naturally more dominant than women
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How do women contribute to the dominance in conversations according to the dominance approach?
By
acquiescing
and accepting men's dominance
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What does the difference approach suggest about male and female communication?
Men and women communicate
fundamentally
differently
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Who postulated a theory about women's language in 1922?
Otto Jespersen
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What did Jespersen theorize about women's speech patterns?
Women use
half-finished
sentences and adjectives
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According to Jespersen, how does women's vocabulary compare to men's?
Women have a
smaller
vocabulary than men
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What did Jespersen believe about women's novels?
They are easier to read
due to
simpler language
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What did Jespersen claim about women's language's effect on English?
It could lead to a
deterioration
of the language
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Who proposed a theory about language and gender inequality in 1975?
Robin Lakoff
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What did Lakoff argue about language and gender?
Language contributes to gender
inequality
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What are some features of women's language according to Lakoff?
Women speak less frequently and use
minimal responses
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How do women typically express uncertainty in their speech according to Lakoff?
By using
question intonation
in statements
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What did Lakoff observe about women's use of adjectives?
Women use more
empty
adjectives than men
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What did O'Barr and Atkins challenge about Lakoff's ideas?
Language differences are more
situation-specific
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What did O'Barr and Atkins find in their study of courtroom cases?
Speech patterns
reflect
power
, not gender
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How did O'Barr and Atkins categorize their study participants?
By their
authority
and power in conversations
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What conclusion did O'Barr and Atkins reach about women's language traits?
They are not
exclusive
to women
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What did Zimmerman and West's theory in 1975 suggest about interruptions in conversations?
Women men are more likely to interrupt women
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How do the theories of Jespersen and Lakoff differ in their views on women's language?
Jespersen sees it as
inferior
, Lakoff as a
reflection
of
inequality
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What is a key difference between the dominance and difference theories?
Dominance theories focus on
power dynamics
, difference theories on
communication styles
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If a woman uses more qualifiers in her speech, which theorist's perspective does this align with?
Robin Lakoff's
perspective
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In a conversation, if a man frequently interrupts a woman, which theory might explain this behavior?
Zimmerman
and
West's
dominance theory
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How do O'Barr and Atkins' findings challenge traditional views of gendered language?
They show that
power
,
not
gender
,
influences
speech
patterns
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What is the significance of studying language and gender theories?
It helps understand
communication dynamics
in society
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What is one characteristic of women's language according to Lakoff?
Women use more
euphemisms
than men
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How do
social
status
and
power
relate to
language
use
according to O'Barr and Atkins?
They determine communication patterns more than gender
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What implications do the findings of O'Barr and Atkins have for understanding gendered language?
Gendered language is influenced by
social
context
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If a woman in a high-status job uses fewer women's language traits, what does this suggest?
Her
social status
influences her communication
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What did the study by O'Barr and Atkins reveal about courtroom language?
It
varies
based on
authority
, not
gender
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What is one feature of women's language according to Lakoff?
Women use more
emotional evaluations
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How does the dominance model view mixed-sex conversations?
men are more likely to interrupt women
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What does the difference model emphasize about communication styles?
It highlights
fundamental
differences between genders
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If a woman uses indirect commands in conversation, which theorist's perspective does this align with?
Robin Lakoff's
perspective
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What is a common criticism of Jespersen's theory?
It
portrays
women's language as
inferior
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How do the theories of Jespersen and Lakoff reflect societal views on gender?
They reinforce
traditional
gender stereotypes
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What is the role of minimal responses in women's language according to Lakoff?
They indicate
listening
and
engagement
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What did Lakoff observe about women's use of intonation?
Women use a greater
range
of intonation
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How does the concept of power relate to language use in O'Barr and Atkins' study?
Power
influences
speech
patterns
more than
gender
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