Costs

• Headlands and bays 


  Formed by differential erosion, where softer, less resistant rocks erode more quicker then harder, resistant rocks. A headland is an area of hard rich which juts out into the sea as it erodes more slowly e.g chalk. A bay is a sheltered area of softer rock between headlands. It is eroded through abrasion this is when rock fragments thrown against the headland create a sand- blazing abrasive action, wearing away the rock.
• Waves 


  When a wave breaks, eyes is washed up the beach this is called the swash. The water runs back down the beach- this is called the backwash. A constructive wave, the sash is stronger than the backwash with a destructive wave, the backwash is stronger than the swash. A destructive high wave in proportion to length a tall breaker: breaks downwards with great force. strong backwash, weak swash.

  Constructive low wave in proportion to length weak backwash, strong swash.
• Arches and stacks 


  Continuous erosion will enlarge a weakness line which will eventually develop into a sea cabe. It is eroded through abrasion. This Is when rock fragments thrown against the headland creating a sandblasting (abrasive) action, wearing away the rock. This will eventually break completely through the headland to form an arch. The arch is attacking its base/ underside it eventually collapses. This leaves behind a free standing piece of cock called a stack which is separate from the headland.
• Cliffs 


  The sea attacks the base of the cliff between the high and low water mark. A wave cut notch thrown against the headland in a sandblasting abrasive action, Wearing was the rock. As the notch increases in size, the cliff becomes unstable and collapses, leading to the retreat of the cliff face leaving behind a wave cut platform. Overtime this process repeats.
• sand bar 


  Bars form when there is a change in direction on a coastline. allowing a sheltered area for deposition material slowly builds up to appear above the water. the spit develops as long as the supply of deposits is greater then the amount of erodion. The spit extends out until it rejoins the coastline. On the other side of the bay, often joining to headlands. A lagoon, which is a body of water trapped by the sediment, may form behind the bar.
• Sand spit


  Process: swash is where waves, driven by prevailing wind push material up the beach at an angle, the returning backwash is dragged back by gravity down the back at the right angle. They form where there is a change in direction on a coastline. allowing a sheltered area for deposition. Material slowly builds up as long as the supply of deposits is greater than the amount of erosion. The shape can become hooked or curved currents. A salt march may form in a sheltered area behind a sand spit.
• Process of erosion

  • Attrition, in solution, chemical weathering and hydraulic action.
  • abrasion- rock fragments thrown against the headland breaking down the cliff face, wearing away the rock.
  • solution- carbon acid/ salts in sea water dissolves rock.