Newton's laws of motion

• How many laws of motion did Newton propose?

  Three laws
• What does Newton's First Law of Motion state about an object at rest?

  An object at rest remains at rest unless acted on by a force
• What happens to a box on a surface if no force is applied?

  The box will not move
• What is the weight force of a box with a mass of 10 kg?

  98 Newtons
• What is the formula to calculate weight force?

  Weight force = mass * gravitational field strength
• What is the gravitational field strength value used in calculations?

  9.8 m/s²
• What force balances the weight force of the box?

  The normal force
• What is the net force on the box when it is at rest?

  The net force is zero
• What does Newton's Second Law state about an object in motion?

  An object in motion continues in motion unless acted on by a net force
• What happens to a ball rolled on a rough surface like carpet?

  The ball quickly comes to a stop
• Why does a puck slide further on ice than a ball on carpet?

  There is less friction on ice
• What effect does air resistance have on a moving object?

  It slows the object down
• Why does the Earth continue to revolve around the Sun?

  There is virtually no friction in space
• What is the relationship between net force and acceleration when net force is zero?

  Acceleration is also zero
• How is acceleration defined mathematically?

  Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
• What happens to acceleration if mass increases while force remains constant?

  Acceleration decreases
• What is the formula for Newton's Second Law?

  Net force = mass * acceleration
• If you double the mass while keeping acceleration constant, what happens to force?

  Force increases by a factor of two
• What happens to force if you triple the mass and double the acceleration?

  Force increases by a factor of six
• What is momentum defined as?

  Momentum = mass * velocity
• What happens to an object at rest in terms of momentum?

  An object at rest has zero momentum
• How does the mass of an object affect its momentum at the same speed?

  More mass means more momentum
• What does the impulse-momentum theorem state?

  Impulse equals the change in momentum
• What does Newton's Third Law state?

  For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
• What happens when a person jumps and throws a basketball?

  The person moves back due to recoil
• How does mass affect acceleration when the same force is applied?

  Less mass means greater acceleration
• If you throw a ball on a boat, what happens to the boat?

  The boat moves in the opposite direction
• In space, what direction should you throw a ball to move towards Earth?

  Throw the ball away from Earth
• What is inertia in the context of Newton's laws?

  Inertia is the resistance to change in motion
• How does static friction affect the motion of an object?

  Static friction must be overcome to start motion
• What is the difference between speed and velocity?

  Speed has magnitude; velocity has direction
• What are vector quantities?

  Quantities with both magnitude and direction
• What are scalar quantities?

  Quantities with only magnitude
• How do action-reaction forces work in a jumping scenario?

  The force applied to the ball equals the recoil force
• How does Newton's laws apply to a boat in the ocean?

  The boat moves opposite to the thrown ball
• What does Newton's third law state?

  For every action, there is an equal reaction
• Why should an astronaut throw a ball towards the moon?

  To feel a force pushing towards Earth
• If an astronaut wants to return to Earth, where should they throw the ball?

  Towards the moon
• What happens when the ball is thrown towards the Earth?

  The astronaut feels a force towards the moon
• What is the effect of throwing the ball in space?

  The astronaut will drift towards Earth