Specialised exchange surfaces

• What are specialized exchange surfaces?

  Parts of an organism for substance exchange
• What is the main aim of the video on specialized exchange surfaces?

  To explain their common features
• What are the main specialized exchange surfaces in humans?

  Alveoli and Villi
• What is the function of alveoli?

  To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Where are alveoli located?

  At the ends of the bronchioles
• What do Villi do in the small intestine?

  Help absorb nutrients like glucose
• What specialized exchange surface do plants have for water absorption?

  Root hair cells
• What is the role of leaves in plants regarding exchange surfaces?

  To absorb carbon dioxide from the air
• What common feature do specialized exchange surfaces share regarding surface area?

  They have a large surface area
• Why is a large surface area important for exchange surfaces?

  It allows more molecules to diffuse simultaneously
• What shape do Villi have to enhance their function?

  Long thin shape
• Why are specialized exchange surfaces usually very thin?

  To reduce diffusion distance
• What does it mean for exchange surfaces to be permeable?

  They allow substances to diffuse across
• How does a good blood supply benefit exchange surfaces?

  It maintains a concentration gradient
• How does blood supply affect glucose absorption in Villi?

  It quickly replaces absorbed glucose with fresh blood
• What is meant by a good supply of the external medium?

  Access to air or food for absorption
• Why do we need a good supply of air in alveoli?

  To absorb a lot of oxygen
• How does breathing help maintain concentration gradients in alveoli?

  It ensures high oxygen concentration
• What are the five main features of specialized exchange surfaces?

  1. Large surface area
  2. Very thin surfaces
  3. Permeable to exchanged substances
  4. Good blood supply
  5. Good supply of external medium
• What are the roles of specialized exchange surfaces in organisms?

  • Facilitate gas exchange (e.g., alveoli)
  • Absorb nutrients (e.g., Villi)
  • Absorb water and minerals (e.g., root hair cells)
  • Maintain concentration gradients for efficient exchange