science

• What is the structure in the center of an animal cell called?

  Nucleus
• What is the function of the nucleus in an animal cell?

  Holds DNA and controls activities
• What do ribosomes do in a cell?

  Make proteins
• What is the role of mitochondria in animal cells?

  Releases energy through respiration
• What surrounds the animal cell and controls what goes in and out?

  Cell membrane
• What is the cytoplasm's role in a cell?

  Where cellular processes occur
• What additional structure do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

  Cell wall
• What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

  Provides rigidity and shape
• What are chloroplasts responsible for in plant cells?

  Photosynthesis
• What is the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

  Contains a weak solution of sugar and salts
• What is a key feature of bacterial cells?

  No nucleus
• What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

  Carries oxygen
• How does the shape of red blood cells aid their function?

  By increasing surface area for oxygen transport
• What is the definition of diffusion?

  Spreading out of particles from high to low concentration
• What are the levels of organization in biology from cells to systems?

  • Cells
  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Organ systems
• What is the function of the digestive system?

  Processes food and absorbs nutrients
• What is the role of amylase in digestion?

  Turns starch into sugar
• Where is amylase found in the body?

  Saliva, pancreas, and small intestine
• What do proteases do?

  Break down proteins into amino acids
• What is the function of lipases?

  Break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
• How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

  Enzymes work best at optimum temperature
• What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

  They become denatured and stop working
• What is the optimum temperature for human enzymes?

  37°C
• What is the role of limiting factors in photosynthesis?

  They restrict the rate of photosynthesis
• What do plants need for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide, water, and light
• What is the process of photosynthesis?

  Converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
• How does light intensity affect photosynthesis?

  Increases until another factor limits it
• What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Site of photosynthesis
• What is the function of the xylem in plants?

  Transport water and minerals
• What is the function of the phloem in plants?

  Transport sugars throughout the plant
• What is the definition of a habitat?

  The place where an organism lives
• What factors affect the distribution of organisms?

  Temperature, water, oxygen, nutrients, and light
• How do scientists study the distribution of organisms?

  Using quadrats to sample areas
• What are proteins made of?

  Long chains of amino acids
• What is an enzyme?

  A biological catalyst that speeds up reactions
• What is the lock and key mechanism in enzymes?

  Only specific substrates fit into the enzyme
• What happens to enzymes when they are denatured?

  They change shape and stop functioning
• What is the role of amylase in digestion?

  Breaks down starch into sugars
• Where is amylase produced in the body?

  Saliva and pancreas
• What do proteases do in digestion?

  Break down proteins into amino acids