Global governance : political and economic (topic 2)

• What are the four key institutions of the UN mentioned?

  Security Council, General Assembly, ECOSOC, ICJ
• What is a key debate regarding the UN Security Council?

  The veto power of the P5 members
• What does ECOSOC stand for?

  Economic and Social Council
• What is the purpose of the UN Charter?

  Outlines purposes, principles, and structure
• What is the primary aim of the UN established after WWII?

  Prevent another global conflict
• When was the United Nations established?

  October 24, 1945
• What was the UN seen as a successor to?

  The League of Nations
• How did the US influence the founding of the UN?

  By pushing for peace and cooperation
• What does Article 1 of the UN Charter emphasize?

  Maintaining international peace and security
• What principle does Article 2 of the UN Charter establish?

  Sovereign equality of all member states
• What is the role of the UN Security Council?

  Maintain international peace and security
• How many permanent members does the UN Security Council have?

  Five permanent members
• What is the significance of the P5 members?

  They hold veto power over decisions
• What historical event led to an increase in UN membership?

  The process of decolonization
• What was a focus of the UN during the Cold War?

  Addressing tensions between superpowers
• How many member states are in the UN today?

  193 member states
• What is the status of Vatican City in the UN?

  Permanent observer status
• Why is Taiwan not recognized by the UN?

  Due to sovereignty contestations with China
• What is the role of the UN General Assembly?

  Acts like a parliament for the UN
• What is a key function of the UN Security Council?

  Authorize the use of force
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the UN Security Council?

  Strengths:

  • Maintains international peace and security
  • Can impose sanctions and authorize force

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Veto power can lead to inaction
  • Limited representation of global interests
• What are the key components of political global governance?

  • Institutions coordinating state actions
  • Addressing global issues beyond borders
  • Voluntary cooperation among states
• What are the main aims of the United Nations?

  1. Maintain international peace and security
  2. Promote friendly relations among nations
  3. Achieve international cooperation
  4. Harmonize actions of nations
• How has the UN adapted since its founding?

  • Increased membership post-decolonization
  • Focus on poverty alleviation and human rights
  • Addressing global challenges like climate change
• What is the purpose of collective security in the UN?

  To promote global security through cooperation
• How does collective security function among member states?

  An attack on one is met with action by all
• How many permanent members are in the UN Security Council?

  Five permanent members
• What are the five permanent members of the UN Security Council?

  USA, UK, Russia, China, France
• What power do the permanent members of the UN Security Council hold?

  Veto power over substantive decisions
• How are non-permanent members of the UN Security Council selected?

  Elected by the General Assembly for two-year terms
• How many non-permanent members are there in the UN Security Council?

  Ten non-permanent members
• What is the distribution of non-permanent members by region?

  5 from Africa and Asia, 1 from Eastern Europe, 2 from Latin America, 2 from Western Europe
• Who are the current non-permanent members as of 2024?

  Albania, Brazil, Ghana, UAE
• What authority does the UN Security Council have?

  To make decisions that member states must follow
• What is required for a substantive resolution to pass in the UN Security Council?

  At least nine votes from 15 members
• What happens if a P5 member vetoes a resolution?

  It is automatically rejected regardless of majority
• What does the UN Security Council seek before imposing sanctions?

  To resolve disputes through peaceful means
• What types of sanctions can the UN Security Council authorize?

  Economic, diplomatic, or military measures
• What is the role of peacekeeping missions authorized by the UN Security Council?

  To monitor ceasefires and provide humanitarian aid
• What is the most controversial aspect of the UN Security Council?

  The veto power held by P5 members