Power and developments (topic 4)

• Who is the presenter of the video on hard power and soft power?

  Olly
• What are the two main types of power discussed in the video?

  Hard power and soft power
• What is the focus of the video in relation to Ed EXL A Level politics?

  Hard power and soft power
• What is the significance of understanding hard power and soft power in international relations?

  It helps analyze state interactions globally
• What are the key components of the specification covered in the video?

  • Types of power
  • Effectiveness of hard and soft power
  • Key 12 and 30 markers for exams
• What is hard power primarily associated with?

  Military force and economic sanctions
• What does soft power seek to achieve?

  Influence through cultural appeal and attraction
• Who coined the terms hard power and soft power?

  Joseph Nye
• What is the main topic of the video by Olly?

  State power classifications in AEV politics
• What does the video aim to cover regarding state power?

  Definitions and classifications of state power
• What types of exam questions are mentioned in the video?

  12 markers and 30 markers
• What are the three categories of state power discussed?

  Great Powers, emerging powers, superpowers
• How does hard power differ from soft power?

  Hard power uses coercion, soft power uses influence
• How does the video define Great Powers?

  Nations with significant influence in international politics
• What are the characteristics of Great Powers?

  Large economies, advanced militaries, diplomatic participation
• Which countries are considered current Great Powers?

  Germany, France, EU, UK, India, Russia, Japan
• What is the concept of smart power?

  A combination of hard power and soft power
• What are the key factors that define Great Powers?

  • Economic strength
  • Military capacity
  • Diplomatic influence
  • Global reach
• How does the UK maintain its status as a Great Power?

  Through economic power and military capabilities
• What is the UK's GDP ranking in 2024?

  6th globally
• What is the significance of London for the UK's power?

  It is a leading financial hub
• What was the goal of the US and UK in the Iraq War?

  To remove Saddam Hussein from power
• What is the UK's defense budget?

  $68 billion
• How does Russia maintain its status as a Great Power?

  Through vast natural resources and military capabilities
• What was a significant outcome of the US sanctions on Iran?

  Devastating effects on Iran's economy
• What is Russia's GDP ranking globally?

  11th globally
• What does structural power refer to?

  The ability to shape global decision-making frameworks
• What percentage of the world's oil does Russia supply?

  12%
• What is a defining feature of Russia's military power?

  World's largest nuclear arsenal
• How does the US dollar serve as a form of structural power?

  It dominates global trade and finance
• How does Russia's economy influence its geopolitical power?

  Dependence on oil and gas exports
• What are emerging Powers characterized by?

  Significant economic growth and political influence
• What is the Belt and Road Initiative associated with?

  China's efforts to reshape global trade routes
• Which countries are considered emerging Powers?

  India, Brazil, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey, Mexico
• What is the impact of economic sanctions on a state's population?

  They often cause significant hardship
• What was the original purpose of the BRICS classification?

  To describe rapidly growing economies
• When did BRICS formalize their cooperation?

  2009
• How did Russia use its energy leverage over Europe during the Ukraine conflict?

  By cutting off gas supplies to increase prices
• What is the significance of the New Development Bank?

  Funding infrastructure and development projects
• Why is the BRICS classification considered less useful now?

  China is now a superpower, not emerging