Inherited disorders

• What are inherited disorders?

  Conditions passed on through certain alleles
• What is polydactyly?

  Condition with extra fingers or toes
• How is polydactyly inherited?

  It is caused by a dominant allele
• What happens if one allele is for polydactyly?

  The individual will have the disorder
• What is the genotype of a heterozygous individual with polydactyly?

  One dominant and one normal allele
• What is the expected offspring ratio when crossing a heterozygous individual with a homozygous normal individual for polydactyly?

  1:1 ratio of polydactyly to normal
• What is cystic fibrosis caused by?

  A recessive allele
• What is the main effect of cystic fibrosis?

  Thick sticky mucus in the body
• What allele represents cystic fibrosis?

  Lowercase f
• How many alleles are needed to have cystic fibrosis?

  Two recessive alleles
• What is the genotype of most people regarding cystic fibrosis?

  Homozygous dominant genotype
• What do we call individuals who carry one copy of the cystic fibrosis allele?

  Carriers
• What is the offspring ratio when crossing two carriers for cystic fibrosis?

  3 normal to 1 cystic fibrosis
• What is embryo screening?

  Checking embryos for genetic disorders
• What happens if a genetic disorder is found during embryo screening?

  Parents may discard that embryo
• What are the advantages of embryonic screening?

  • Reduces overall suffering from health problems
  • Saves money on treating genetic disorders
• What are the concerns regarding embryonic screening?

  • Implies genetic problems are less desirable
  • Potential for screening other traits in the future
• What is the process of in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

  Fertilizing egg cells in a lab
• What happens to the fertilized egg in IVF?

  It grows into an embryo for implantation
• What is the role of hormones in fertilization control?

  They help regulate the fertilization process
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