Proteins

• What are the monomers of proteins called?

  Amino acids.
• How many amino acids are found in all life forms?

  20
• What determines the shape and structure of a protein?

  The different combinations of amino acids.
• What is the general structure of an amino acid?

  A central carbon atom with an amine group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.
• What part of an amino acid varies between different amino acids?

  The R group.
• What type of reaction joins two amino acids together?

  Condensation reaction.
• What bond forms between two amino acids?

  Peptide bond.
• What is a dipeptide?

  Two amino acids joined together.
• What is a polypeptide?

  More than two amino acids joined together.
• How can dipeptides and polypeptides be broken down?

  Through hydrolysis.
• Where does the peptide bond form between two amino acids?

  Between the amine group of one amino acid and the hydroxyl group of another.
• Describe the general structure of an amino acid.

  Complete:

  A) amino group

  B) carboxyl group

  C) variable group