urbanisation

• What is urban?


  towns and cities
• What is rural?


  countryside
• What is urban growth?


  the increase in the area covered by cities
• What is urbanisation?


  The growth in the proportion of a country's population living in urban areas
• What are urban populations like around the world?

  HICs - High levels of urban population

  LICs - Lowest levels of urban population
• What are urbanisation rates like around the world?

  HICS - Urbanisation is now slow

  LICs - Countries are urbanising rapidly
• What two factors explain why cities in LICs and NEEs are growing so quickly?

  Natural increase

  Rural to urban migration
• Define a natural increase of population.

  When birth rates exceed death rates and the population grows
• Why is natural increase high in LICs/NEEs?

  Young people move to cities. They are more fertile and likely to have children
• Why are death rates so low in NEE and LIC cities?


  Because the population is so young that not many people will die.
• Define rural-urban migration


  the movement of people from the countryside to cities
• Define push factor


  Makes people want to leave
• Give examples of push factors

  -Rural areas are isolated with few services such as education or healthcare.

  -Living conditions are difficult with no running clean water and no electricity or phone connections

  -Agriculture is hard work and pays very little so people have a low quality of life.
• Define pull factor


  Make people want to come to the city
• Give examples of pull factors

  -Cities have the chance of earning higher wages which will improve the standard of living for people.

  -Cities have better medical care and so people are less likely to die of diseases and more children and mothers will survive childbirth

  -Education is better so people can get better jobs and break the cycle of poverty.
• What is the name of a city with 10 million or more inhabitants.

  A megacity
• Describe megacities in HICs like Tokyo and Los Angeles

  No squatter settlements

  Slow growing
• Describe Megacities in middle income countries like China and Rio de Janeiro.

  Growing

  Under 20% squatter settlements
• Describe megacities in Newly Emerging Economies like Lagos and Mumbai

  Rapidly growing

  Over 20% people living in squatter settlements.