feedback

• • Results - beginner
  • Extrinsic - beginner
  • Positive - beginner
  • Performance - elite
  • Intrinsic - elite
  • Negative - elite
• positive feedback:

  • how well performer has done
  • given in times of success
  • used more for beginners
  • advantages:
  • motivates performancer
  • acknowledgement of successful performance
  • disadvantages:
  • only emphasises positives - makes performer think they do not need to improve
• negative feedback:

  • negative actions of performer
  • givn in times of failure
  • used more for elites
  • advantages:
  • allows coach to give information to improver performance
  • helps perfomer prioritise needed areas
  • disadvantages:
  • become demoralising if heard too much
• intrinsic feedback:

  • comes from perfromer themself
  • kinaesthetic feedback
  • best for elites
  • advantages:
  • experienced performers can respond immediately
  • adjust during performance
  • disadvantages:
  • requires experience to identify what went well
  • would not benefit beginners
• extrinsic feedback:

  • comes from external sources
  • best for beginners
  • advantages:
  • inxeperienced performers will be told what went well and where to improve
  • disadvantages:
  • only useful when coming from someone knowledegeable
  • experienced coaches not always available to beginners
• knowledge of results:

  • feedback on outcome
  • may be intrinsic or extrinsic
  • best for beginners
  • advantages:
  • quick measure of success
  • disadvantages:
  • focus on results may be demotivating if performer did not perform well
  • winners tempted to overlook weakness in performance
• knowledge of performance:

  • feedback on performance
  • best for elites
  • advantages:
  • performer can understand what needs to be improved
  • disadvantages:
  • may be hard to break down performance into specific areas
• • sporting example of positive feedback:
  • coach telling swimmer performing breaststroke with correct technique
• • sporting example of negative feedback:
  • coach tells rugby player they performed rugby tackle incorrectly
• • sporting example of extrinsic feedback:
  • teammate says "set it closer to the net"
  • gymnastics floor routine being scored by judges
• • sporting example of intristic feedback:
  • elite golfer judging how good shot was through "feeling"
• • sporting example of knowledge of results:
  • high jumper knowing if they succeeded based on how high they jumped
• • sporting example of knowledge of performance:
  • sprinter being quick out of blocks of 100m with high knee lift