Experimental Design

• What is the definition of repeated measures design?

  One group performs both conditions of the IV
• Why does repeated measures design improve internal validity?

  It reduces participant variables affecting results
• How does repeated measures design economize participant use?

  Fewer participants are needed for multiple conditions
• What are order effects in repeated measures design?

  Performance changes due to practice or fatigue
• How do demand characteristics affect repeated measures design?

  Participants may guess aims and alter behavior
• What is the definition of independent measures design?

  Two groups perform one condition of the IV
• Why does independent measures design reduce demand characteristics?

  Participants only see one condition of the IV
• How does independent measures design eliminate order effects?

  Participants are not tested in multiple conditions
• What is a limitation of independent measures design regarding participants?

  More participants are needed than other designs
• How do participant variables affect independent measures design?

  Differences in abilities may skew results
• What is the definition of matched pairs design?

  Two groups matched on certain characteristics
• How does matched pairs design reduce demand characteristics?

  Participants only see one condition of the IV
• How does matched pairs design reduce individual differences?

  Participants are paired based on specific traits
• What is a limitation of matched pairs design regarding participants?

  Requires the most participants initially
• Why is pairing participants in matched pairs design challenging?

  Finding similar participants can be difficult
• What are the strengths of repeated measures design?

  • No participant variables affecting results
  • Fewer participants needed for the study
• What are the limitations of repeated measures design?

  • Order effects (practice and fatigue)
  • Increased likelihood of demand characteristics
• What are the strengths of independent measures design?

  • Reduced demand characteristics
  • No order effects present
• What are the limitations of independent measures design?

  • More participants needed
  • Participant variables may affect results
• What are the strengths of matched pairs design?

  • Reduced demand characteristics
  • Reduces individual differences
• What are the limitations of matched pairs design?

  • Requires the most participants
  • Time-consuming to pair participants