biological therapy: drug therapy

• What is the most common treatment for schizophrenia (S2)?

  Antipsychotic drugs
• What are the two categories of antipsychotic drugs?

  • Typical antipsychotics (traditional)
  • Atypical antipsychotics (newer)
• Name a typical antipsychotic drug.

  Chlorpromazine
• How can Chlorpromazine be administered?

  Tablets, syrup, or injection
• What is the maximum daily dose of Chlorpromazine?

  1000 mg
• How does the dosage of Chlorpromazine typically start?

  Starts lower and increases
• What side effects are often produced by typical antipsychotics?

  Movement side effects
• What is the primary action of Chlorpromazine in the brain?

  Decreases dopamine by blocking receptor sites
• How does Chlorpromazine affect hallucinations?

  Decreases hallucinations
• What is the sedation effect of Chlorpromazine used for?

  Calms patients when anxious
• What are the characteristics of atypical antipsychotics?

  • More effective against negative symptoms
  • Less likely to produce movement side effects
  • Affect a wide range of neurotransmitters
• Why were newer antipsychotic drugs developed?

  To increase effectiveness and decrease side effects
• What is the effectiveness of Clozapine?

  Very effective but has fatal side effects
• In what cases is Clozapine still used today?

  Only in severe cases
• What additional symptoms does Clozapine tackle?

  Depression symptoms
• Which neurotransmitters does Clozapine act on?

  Dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate
• What is the primary action of Risperidone?

  Decreases dopamine and serotonin
• How does Risperidone bind to dopamine compared to Clozapine?

  Binds more strongly to dopamine than Clozapine
• What is the benefit of Risperidone regarding dosage?

  More effective with smaller doses