interactionist approach

• What is the interactionist approach also called?

  Biosocial approach
• What factors does the interactionist approach acknowledge in schizophrenia development?

  Biological, psychological, and social factors
• What are biological factors in schizophrenia?

  Genetic vulnerability and neurochemical abnormalities
• What psychological factors contribute to schizophrenia?

  Stress from life events and daily hassles
• What does the diathesis-stress model represent?

  Interactionist approach to schizophrenia
• What does 'diathesis' mean in the diathesis-stress model?

  Vulnerability
• What is necessary to develop schizophrenia according to the diathesis-stress model?

  A vulnerability and a stress-trigger
• Who proposed the original diathesis-stress model?

  Paul Meehl
• What was the original diathesis in Meehl's model?

  Entirely genetic, a single 'schizogene'
• What is a characteristic of a biologically based schizotypic personality?

  Sensitivity to stress
• What happens if a person does not have the schizogene?

  No amount of stress would lead to schizophrenia
• How has the understanding of diathesis changed in modern views?

  Many genes increase vulnerability slightly
• What did John Read et al. propose about early trauma?

  It alters the developing brain
• What can early and severe trauma affect?

  Many aspects of brain development
• What system can become overactive due to trauma?

  Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system
• How is stress defined in the modern diathesis-stress model?

  Anything that risks triggering schizophrenia
• What recent research has focused on as a stressor for schizophrenia?

  Cannabis use
• How much can cannabis increase the risk of schizophrenia?

  Up to seven times
• Why do most people not develop schizophrenia after smoking cannabis?

  They lack requisite vulnerability factors
• What does the interactionist model of schizophrenia acknowledge?

  Both biological and psychological factors
• What treatments does the interactionist model support?

  Combination of antipsychotic medication and CBT
• What do Turkington et al. (2006) argue about CBT?

  It can relieve psychological symptoms
• What is increasingly standard practice in Britain for treating schizophrenia?

  Combination of antipsychotic drugs and CBT
• How does the treatment approach differ between the UK and the US?

  US relies more on medication alone
• What is more common in the US regarding schizophrenia treatment?

  Medication without psychological treatment