Bile and emulsification

• What begins as soon as steak enters the mouth?

  Digestion
• Why do we chew food before swallowing?

  To break it down into manageable chunks
• What does the tongue mix with food during digestion?

  Saliva
• What is the mixture of food and gastric juices called?

  Chyme
• Why is it important to increase the surface area of food during digestion?

  It speeds up enzyme action on food
• What are the watery secretions from the oral cavity called?

  Saliva
• What happens when water is added to fats and oils?

  They form oily droplets
• What is the problem with big globules of fats in chyme?

  They have a small surface area for digestion
• Where are lipase enzymes added during digestion?

  Small intestine
• What is the role of bile in digestion?

  To emulsify fats into smaller droplets
• How does bile affect the surface area of lipids?

  It increases the surface area of fat globules
• What does emulsification do for lipid digestion?

  Increases the rate of lipid digestion
• What does bile do to the hydrochloric acid in chyme?

  Neutralizes it
• What is the optimal pH for enzymes in the small intestine?

  More alkaline due to bile
• What color is bile?

  Green
• What does bile contribute to the color of feces?

  It makes poop brown
• What is the process of emulsification in digestion?

  • Bile breaks down large fat globules
  • Increases surface area for lipase action
  • Enhances lipid digestion efficiency
• What are the roles of bile in the digestive process?

  • Emulsifies fats into smaller droplets
  • Neutralizes hydrochloric acid in chyme
  • Provides optimal pH for enzyme activity