Transition Metals

• A transition element is a d-block element that can from at least one stable ion with a partially filled d-sub shell.
• Scandium and zinc are not transition elements. They don’t form a stable ion with a partially filled d-sub shell/energy level.
• Chromium and Copper behave differently. An electron from the 4s move to 3d to create more stable half full or full 3d sub shell respectively.
• V^2+ = Violet
• V^3+ = Green
• VO^2+ = Blue
• VO2 ^+ = Yellow
• Cr ^ 3+ = Green/Violet , Violet when surrounded by 6H2O. They are normally substituted so usually looks green.
• Cr2O7^2- =49 ORANGE
• Mn ^ 2+ = Pale Pink
• MnO4- = Purple
• Fe^2+ = Pale Green. Fe^3+ = Yellow
• Co ^2+ = Pink
• Ni ^ 2+ = Green
• Cu ^ 2+ = Blue