Data Representation

• How do computers store characters in a text document?

  As binary numbers in a byte
• Why is a standard coding system needed for documents?

  To ensure compatibility across different computers
• What does ASCII stand for?

  American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• What is a character set?

  A defined list of characters for a system
• What characters does the ASCII character set include?

  All English characters and control characters
• What is the range of values for ASCII characters?

  0 to 127
• What does ASCII character 32 represent?

  The space character
• How many bits does ASCII use in a byte?

  Seven bits
• What is the purpose of the eighth bit in ASCII?

  For parity check or special characters
• What happens when the letter 'A' is typed on the keyboard?

  It sends ASCII code 65 to the computer
• What is parity checking?

  An error checking method using an additional bit
• What does a mismatch in parity bits indicate?

  The byte may have been corrupted
• Why is agreement on parity protocol important?

  To ensure meaningful parity checks
• What is even parity?

  Parity bit makes total number of 1s even
• What does extended ASCII do with the eighth bit?

  It doubles the number of available characters
• How many characters can extended ASCII represent?

  256 characters
• How is the letter 'J' stored in extended ASCII?

  As 01001010 in binary
• How many bytes does a text document encoded in ASCII use per character?

  One byte
• What is the ASCII code for the word 'Hello'?

  72 101 108 108 111
• How are ASCII codes converted into binary numbers?

  By representing each code as 8 bits
• What is Unicode designed to address?

  Insufficient characters in extended ASCII
• What is the most common encoding for Unicode?

  UTF-8
• How many characters can Unicode represent?

  65,536 characters
• What is a benefit of Unicode?

  It eliminates the need for multiple character sets
• How does ASCII compare to Unicode in terms of bits used?

  ASCII uses fewer bits than Unicode
• What is a potential advantage of using ASCII?

  Faster processing and reduced memory requirements