research studies

• dollard and miller (1950)

  operant conditioning babies
• isabella et al (1989)

  interactional synchrony
• tronick (1978)


  still face
• schaffer + emerson (1964)

  • attachment stages
  • who attachment with
• brazelton et al (1975)

  social releasers
• bailey et al (2007)

  internal working model
• kornienko (2016)


  genetic differences in anxiety and sociability
• meltzoff and moore (1977)


  different faces
• grossman 2002


  different role of father
• field 1978

  fathers are capable pcg when given the chance
• freeman et al 2010

  male children prefer father
• manlove et al 2002

  father less likely involved if infant has difficult temperament
• lorenz 1935

  goslings
• harlow 1958

  rhesus monkeys
• ainsworth et al 1978

  strange situation
• belsky and rovine (1987)

  attachment type is influenced by..

  • child innate temperament
  • pcg sensitive responsiveness
• main and cassidy (1988)

  • found a further classification group 'disorganised',
• van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg (1988)


  meta-analysis
• jin 2012 korea

  • child rearing links to attachment types due to japan and korea similarities
• bowlby 1944

  44 juvenile thieves
• goldfarb 1955

  fostercare IQ
• radke- yarrow 1985

  psychological seperation
• bifulco et al 1992

  prolonged seperation before 17years
• rutter and songua-barke (2010)

  disinhibited attachment
• zeanah et al 2005, the bucharest early intervention project


  • measure attachment type, using strange situation
  • romania
• smith + myron-wilson 1998

  attachment types and correlation to involvement in bullying
• minnesota study 2005

  continuity between early attachment and later emotional/social behaviour
• hazan and shaver (1987)

  love quiz
• mccarthy (1999)

  40 adult women, attachment type from infancy
• becker stoll et al (2008)

  undermines iwm, shows no continuity