EXAMS

• Which term does NOT match with its description: Spirillum, Bacillus, Coccus, or Gram-positive?

  Gram-positive - pink to purple
• What is the role of _Staphylococcus aureus_ exotoxin?

  It depresses phagocytosis and causes infections
• Which medium is NOT a basic option for DAT mediums?

  None of the above
• What agar is used for isolation of _Salmonella_?

  Salmonella Shigella agar
• What is the purpose of phenylethyl alcohol in media?

  To inhibit gram-negative bacteria
• What is Thayer Martin Agar used for?

  Isolation of _Neisseria gonorrhoeae_
• Which media is used to recover _Bordetella pertussis_?

  Blood agar
• What type of media do hemolytic Streptococci require?

  Enriched media
• What do selective media do?

  Inhibit growth of unwanted organisms
• What is the function of differential media?

  Distinguish between different bacteria
• What type of media supports growth of non-special requirement microbes?

  General purpose media
• What is Eosin methylene blue agar classified as?

  Both differential and selective media
• What standard is used in the disk diffusion method?

  0.5 McFarland Standard
• What happens if the inoculum is too light in disk diffusion testing?

  False susceptibility occurs
• How is the MIC determined in testing?

  Where the growth is inhibited
• What stain is used for fungi differential staining?

  Lactophenol cotton blue
• Which antimicrobial agent targets cell wall synthesis?

  Penicillins
• What gene is detected for MRSA using PCR?

  None of the choices
• What is the treatment of choice for impetigo?

  Penicillin
• Which Staphylococcus species causes skin sloughing?

  1. aureus
• What are the characteristics of Staphylococcus saprophyticus?

  UTIs in young women
• What is the purpose of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus testing?

  Differentiate Staphylococci from Micrococci
• How long should the laboratory look for urine confirmation?

  24 hours at room temperature
• What is incorrectly described about Streptolysin O (SLO)?

  Is active only in anaerobic environment
• What is the virulence factor of Hyaluronidase?

  Solubilizes hyaluronic acid to spread infection
• What is the result of Novobiocin testing for S. saprophyticus?

  1. saprophyticus – resistant
• What are the characteristics of Staphylococcus spp.?

  Facultative anaerobe
• Which yeast cell resembles a mariner's wheel?

  Aspergillus fumigatus
• Which organism gives a negative DNAse result?

  1. epidermidis
• What is the invasive infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?

  Necrotizing Fasciitis
• What group of streptococci is alpha-hemolytic?

  Viridans Streptococci
• What describes enterococcus characteristics?

  Most species are non-hemolytic
• What test differentiates S. aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci?

  Coagulase test
• What test is used to identify group A streptococci?

  Hippurate hydrolysis
• What are the growth characteristics of an enteric pathogen with yellow/orange colonies?

  Escherichia coli
• What is the probable identification of a gram-negative rod with specific biochemical results?

  Morganella spp.
• What is incorrect about C. perfringens?

  Motile
• What is NOT true for _Yersinia pestis_?

  Sucrose positive
• Which viruses have helical capsid symmetry?

  Coronavirus, Hepatitis E virus
• What are viral ailments?

  Parvovirus, B19, Hepatitis B virus