Religious Settlement

• What percentage of people in England were Protestants by 1558?

  50%
• Who were the extreme Protestants known as?

  Puritans
• Why were Puritans unhappy under Mary?

  They wanted Catholicism removed from England
• What did some Puritans want for Catholics?

  Violent treatment like under Mary
• What declaration did Pope Pius make in 1570?

  Elizabeth is the servant of wickedness
• How was the Pope's declaration perceived?

  As an invitation to threaten Elizabeth's life
• What did many Catholics in England believe?

  Only Catholic worship leads to heaven
• What did the Pope send to England?

  Undercover priests for Catholic services
• What did rich Catholics do for undercover priests?

  Hid them using secret tunnels
• What was the most famous plot against Elizabeth?

  The Babington plot
• What was Elizabeth's goal regarding religion in England?

  To bring the country together
• What did Elizabeth do to show she was not extreme?

  Did not enforce every rule strictly
• What system did Elizabeth follow regarding Protestantism?

  Middle road Protestantism
• What elements from Catholicism did Elizabeth keep?

  Bishops, cathedrals, and crosses
• Who was made Archbishop of Canterbury?

  Matthew Parker
• What did Elizabeth do to maintain her power?

  Created a religion appealing to most
• Why were Puritans a threat to Elizabeth's settlement?

  They wanted worship to be independent
• What did Puritans believe about worship?

  It should be independent and silent
• Who inspired the Puritans?

  Calvin
• What did Elizabeth initially do regarding Puritan bishops?

  Appointed some who held Puritan beliefs
• What was the impact of 'prophesyings' in the 1580s?

  They criticized Elizabeth's religious changes
• What was Elizabeth's response to Archbishop Grindal's support of prophesyings?

  She suspended Grindal
• Who attempted to establish a separatist Church in Norwich?

  Robert Browne
• What happened to Browne after attempting to establish a separatist Church?

  He was arrested but later released
• What happened to the leaders of the second Church in London?

  Barrow and Greenwood were hung
• Why did Elizabeth have to treat powerful Puritans with care?

  They were influential in Parliament
• What did Elizabeth do to punish Puritans?

  Handed out strict punishments
• Who introduced stricter rules on Puritans in 1583?

  John Whitgift
• What was banned under Whitgift's rules?

  Unlicensed preaching
• What were recusancy fines?

  Fines for not attending Church
• What happened to Puritan printers like John Stubbs?

  He had his hand chopped off
• How did Elizabeth's religious changes help her reign?

  They kept everyone happy
• What happened to Dudley and Walsingham by 1590?

  They died, weakening Puritan power
• What were the main problems Elizabeth faced regarding religion?

  1. Protestant extremists (Puritans)
  2. Pope Pius's declaration against her
  3. Catholic extremists wanting to replace her
  4. Need to unify the country under one religion
• What strategies did Elizabeth use to maintain her religious settlement?

  • Cut off hands of extreme Protestants
  • Created a religion appealing to most
  • Wrote to bishops against extremism
  • Introduced a new Prayer book and Bible in English
  • Fined Catholics for non-attendance but limited punishments
  • Followed middle road Protestantism
• What were the key responses of Elizabeth to Puritan threats?

  • Suspended Archbishop Grindal
  • Introduced stricter rules under John Whitgift
  • Banned unlicensed preaching
  • Issued recusancy fines
  • Punished Puritan printers for criticism