MECHANICAL COMPONENTS AND DEVICES

• What is the output sequence in Flash 1?

  100, 010, 010, 001, 000
• What does the 'Wait 0.5' command indicate in Flash 1?

  It pauses the program for half a second
• What is the purpose of the flowchart program in Figure 3.7?

  To illustrate a program using subroutines
• What are the two input sensing components in a circuit?

  • Name: Resistor
  • Symbol: R
  • Name: Capacitor
  • Symbol: C
• What is the difference between a digital and an analogue input signal?

  Digital signals are discrete; analogue are continuous
• What does 'embedding a microcontroller in a product' mean?

  Integrating a microcontroller into a device
• How does a bicycle theft alarm system work using a microcontroller?

  • Sensors detect movement
  • Microcontroller processes signals
  • Alarm activates if unauthorized movement is detected
• What is the flowchart for a security light that turns on for 30 seconds if movement is detected?

  1. Detect movement
  2. Turn on light
  3. Wait 30 seconds
  4. Turn off light
• What are the four types of motion?

  • Rotary motion
  • Linear motion
  • Oscillating motion
  • Reciprocating motion
• What is rotary motion?

  Movement in a circular path
• What is linear motion?

  Movement in a straight line
• What is oscillating motion?

  Movement back and forth in an arc
• What is reciprocating motion?

  Movement back and forth in a straight line
• How does the speed of a gear system relate to the number of teeth?

  More teeth means slower rotation speed
• What is a simple gear train?

  Two spur gears meshed together
• What is the role of the driver gear in a gear train?

  It is the input gear that drives the system
• What happens when the driver gear is smaller than the driven gear?

  The smaller gear rotates faster than the larger gear
• What are the uses of gear systems?

  • Cordless drills
  • Clocks
  • Winches
  • Cars
• How do belt drives transfer rotary motion?

  Using pulleys connected by a belt
• What is the function of a rack and pinion mechanism?

  It converts rotary motion into linear motion
• What is a linkage in mechanical systems?

  • Directs forces and movement
  • Changes direction of motion
• What does a cam and follower do?

  • Converts rotary motion to reciprocating motion
  • Used in toys, machinery, and engines
• What is a snail cam's motion characteristic?

  Steady rise followed by a sudden drop
• What does a pear-shaped cam do?

  Creates sudden rise and fall with pauses
• What is the motion of an eccentric cam?

  Even rise and fall throughout rotation
• What is the function of a cam in mechanical systems?

  • Converts rotary motion to reciprocating motion
  • Works with a follower