cells

• What are the two main types of cells?

  Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

  Eukaryotic cells are complex and larger
• What defines a eukaryote?

  A eukaryote is made of eukaryotic cells
• What are the main subcellular structures in plant and animal cells?

  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
• What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

  It contains genetic material controlling cell activities
• What occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell?

  Most chemical reactions happen there
• What is the role of the cell membrane?

  Controls what goes in and out of the cell
• What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

  Holds the cell together and controls entry
• Where do most respiration reactions take place in a cell?

  In the mitochondria
• What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

  They are where proteins are made
• What additional structures do plant cells have compared to animal cells?

  • Rigid cell wall (made of cellulose)
  • Permanent vacuole (contains cell sap)
  • Chloroplasts (where photosynthesis occurs)
• What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  They are where photosynthesis occurs
• What substance do chloroplasts contain that is essential for photosynthesis?

  Chlorophyll
• How do bacterial cells differ from eukaryotic cells in terms of nucleus?

  Bacterial cells lack a true nucleus
• What type of DNA do bacterial cells contain?

  A single circular strand of DNA
• What are plasmids in bacterial cells?

  Small rings of DNA
• What structures do bacterial cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?

  Chloroplasts and mitochondria