Taxes and kineses

• Who is the presenter of the A Level Biology video?

  Miss Estrich
• What topic does this video focus on?

  Taxes and kinesis
• What is a stimulus?

  A detectable change in the environment
• What can stimuli include?

  Light, pressure, moisture
• What are receptors?

  Cells that detect changes
• How do organisms increase their chances of survival?

  By responding to stimuli
• What are the responses discussed in the video?

  • Taxes
  • Kinesis
• What is a taxis response?

  Movement towards or away from a stimulus
• What is positive taxes?

  Movement towards a favorable stimulus
• What is negative taxes?

  Movement away from an unfavorable stimulus
• How do earthworms respond to light?

  They show negative taxes towards light
• Why do earthworms avoid light?

  To prevent dehydration and avoid predators
• What is positive chemotaxis in bacteria?

  Movement towards particular chemicals
• Why do bacteria exhibit positive chemotaxis?

  To avoid immune responses in hosts
• What is kinesis?

  Change in speed and direction of movement
• How does kinesis differ from taxis?

  Kinesis involves speed and direction changes
• What happens when an organism moves from beneficial to less desirable stimuli?

  It increases the rate of changing direction
• What is the kinesis response when surrounded by negative stimuli?

  The rate of turning decreases
• Why do woodlice need to stay in damp areas?

  To prevent excess water loss
• What is the kinesis response of woodlice in a dry area?

  They move in a straight line
• What are the advantages of taxis and kinesis for organisms?

  • Helps maintain favorable conditions
  • Increases chances of survival
  • Aids in finding food and avoiding predators