S. Class + Deviant Youth Subcultures

• What did Fabio et al. 2011 discover about rates of violence among boys?

  Higher among boys living in disadvantaged areas compared to more advantaged areas
• What did a study by UoKent find out by interviewing 100+ gang members?

  Many come from areas w/ high lvls of social deprivation
• According to the Ministry of Justice (2011), more than 50% of youths who'd been cautioned/sentenced for an offence were eligible for ___s.​


  FSMs
• What did Cicourel discover when observing police and their arresting procedures?


  More likely to arrest those who seemed of low attainment, ethnic min., low-income b.g.s
• What also did Cicourel discover about middle-class arrestees?

  More likely to be cautioned + released
• What do Marxists say about why w. class individuals are more likely to participate in deviant y. subs?


  Those at the CCCS in the 1960s/1970s said that they were 'symbolically resisting capitalism' through their dress.
• What do N-Marxists say about why w. class individuals are more likely to participate in deviant y. subs?


  Working class youths became deviant in response to:

  1. relative deprivation
  2. marginalisation
• What do Functionalists say about why w. class individuals are more likely to participate in deviant y. subs?


  They join deviant subcultures due to consensus > failure to achieve
• What 2 reasons did Decker + Van Winkle outline for why youths join gangs?


  1. Pulled by benefits e.g. £ + status
  2. Pushed by feeling isolated + marginalised
• What did White say causes youths to join gangs?

  • S_____ e________
  • P______
  • M_____________
  • Social exclusion
  • Poverty
  • Marginalisation
• Which sociologist studied the cause of the London 2011 riots?

  Harding
• What did Harding conclude about the 2011 London riots?


  Not ab. politics, more ab. accruing street capital
• What is street capital?


  Knowledge, skills + objects given value in a street culture
• What 'deviant' subculture was mainly made up of MC ppl?


  Hippies
• Who studied Hippies?


  Hall
• Give 3 characteristics of Hippies:

  • Anti-authoritative
  • Did drugs
  • Sexually promiscuous
• How did Brake (CCCS) analyse Hippies?


  They resisted their MC parents bc they didn't want the same future
• AO3: Deviant subcultures may be an expression of m__________/e________ compared to s. class

  masculinity/ethnicity
• AO3: How would Post-Ms criticise the work of the CCCS?


  It's outdated bc we don't live in a class-based society anymore
• AO3: The SYSs that the CCCS followed may not have been expressing their class identity, but instead doing what?


  Following latest trends