particle motion in gas

• What does the particle model help explain?

  Relationship between temperature, pressure, volume, and energy
• How do gas particles behave in a container?

  They move freely and collide with walls of the container or other gas particles
• What happens when gas particles collide with surfaces?

  They exert a force on the surfaces
• How is pressure defined in gases?

  Pressure is force per unit area
• What is the source of outward gas pressure in a sealed container?

  Total force from all gas particles on walls
• What happens to the kinetic energy of gas particles when temperature increases?

  Energy is transferred into their kinetic stores
• How is temperature related to the average energy of gas particles?

  Higher temperature means higher average energy
• What is the motion of particles in a gas like?

  Constantly moving in random directions
• What effect does increasing temperature have on the speed of gas particles?

  It increases the average speed of particles
• What is the formula for kinetic energy in particles?

  Kinetic energy is $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$
• What happens to pressure when the temperature of a gas at constant volume increases?

  Pressure increases with temperature increase
• Why does pressure increase when gas particles move faster?

  Particles collide more often and with greater force
• What factors contribute to increased pressure in a gas?

  More frequent and forceful collisions with walls
• What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in gases?

  • Higher temperature increases average kinetic energy
  • Increased kinetic energy leads to faster particle movement
  • Faster particles collide more frequently and forcefully
• How does the particle model explain gas pressure?

  • Gas particles move freely and collide with surfaces
  • Collisions exert force on container walls
  • Pressure is the total force per unit area from all particles