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aqa combined physics paper 2
waves
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Created by
Zahra Waller
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Cards (62)
What do all waves transfer without transferring matter?
Energy
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What are oscillations or vibrations in waves?
They are passed along instead of
particles
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What are longitudinal waves?
Waves where
oscillations
are parallel to
energy transfer
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What does the 'P' in seismic P waves stand for?
Primary
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How do particles behave in longitudinal waves?
They bunch up in
compressions
and spread out in
rarefactions
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What are transverse waves?
Waves where oscillations are
perpendicular
to energy transfer
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What are seismic S waves?
Secondary waves that are slower than
P waves
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What is the amplitude of a wave?
Maximum displacement from
equilibrium
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What symbol represents wavelength?
Lambda
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How is frequency defined?
Number of waves passing a point
every second
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What is the relationship between frequency and time period?
They are
reciprocals
of each other
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How do you find frequency from a waveform?
Measure
time period
, then do
1
divided by that
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What is the wave equation?
V = F
Lambda
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How can you measure the speed of a wave in a ripple tank?
Measure distance between
10 peaks
, divide by 10
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How can you measure the speed of sound waves?
Use a
microphone
and
oscilloscope
to measure time
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What frequency can the human ear hear?
20
Hz
to 20
kHz
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What happens when sound reaches a boundary between two different mediums?
Some is
transmitted
, some is
reflected
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What is sonar used for?
To build a picture of what's
under water
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Why can't transverse S waves travel through liquids?
They cannot
propagate
in
liquid mediums
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What is specular reflection?
Reflection off a
smooth surface
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What is diffuse reflection?
Reflection off a
rough surface
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What are electromagnetic waves special for?
They don't need a
medium
to travel through
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What are the sections of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Radio waves
,
microwaves
,
infrared
, visible light,
ultraviolet
,
x-rays
,
gamma rays
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How are EM waves produced?
When
electrons
lose
energy
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What happens to the energy of a wave as frequency increases?
More energy is carried, shorter
wavelength
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Why are gamma rays dangerous?
They can
ionize
atoms and cause
mutations
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What is a black body in physics?
An object that perfectly
absorbs
and
emits
radiation
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What happens if an object absorbs radiation faster than it emits?
Its
temperature
will increase
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What occurs when light waves move from air to glass?
The wave slows down and
wavelength
decreases
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What is refraction?
Change in direction when light enters a different
medium
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How are angles measured in reflection and refraction?
From the
normal
,
perpendicular
to the surface
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What do convex lenses do to light rays?
They
converge
light rays
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What is the principal focus of a convex lens?
Point where
converging
rays meet
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What happens when an object is close to a convex lens?
Image is
magnified
and
virtual
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What is magnification in lenses?
Ratio
of image height to object height
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Why do leaves appear green?
They absorb red
wavelengths
and reflect green
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What is the effect of temperature on radiation emission?
Higher temperature increases
emission rate
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What is the significance of a black body in thermodynamics?
It helps understand
absorption
and
emission
of radiation
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What happens to an object's temperature when it emits radiation?
It
decreases
if it emits
faster
than
absorbs
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What is the role of the retina in vision?
It
detects
light
and
enables
vision
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See all 62 cards
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