Cognitive approach

• What is the focus of cognitive psychology?

  Internal mental processes and memory affecting behavior
• How can behavior be explained according to cognitive psychology?

  By how the mind operates
• What analogy is used to describe the mind's operation?

  The computer analogy
• How do humans process information according to cognitive psychology?

  As information processors
• What is a schema in cognitive psychology?

  A mental framework of beliefs and expectations
• What does cognitive neuroscience study?

  The influence of brain structures on mental processes
• How can cognitive neuroscience identify treatment areas?

  By mapping cognitive functions to brain areas
• What methods are used in cognitive neuroscience?

  Brain scanning techniques like fMRI and PET scans
• What mental disorders has cognitive behavioral therapy been effective for?

  Depression and anxiety
• What type of methods does cognitive psychology primarily use?

  Scientific methods, mainly lab experiments
• Why are lab experiments considered reliable in cognitive psychology?

  They are controlled and replicable
• What is a limitation of lab experiments in cognitive psychology?

  They might not reflect everyday information processing
• What does the artificial nature of lab experiments imply?

  They lack external validity
• What is a criticism of the computer analogy in cognitive psychology?

  It ignores differences between computers and humans
• What is a consequence of human memory according to cognitive psychology?

  Humans can forget information and make mistakes
• What does it mean for cognitive psychology to be machine reductionist?

  It reduces human behavior to computer-like processes
• How can schemas affect information processing?

  They can distort and exclude information
• What is a potential negative effect of schemas on perception?

  Overlooking important information
• What can schemas cause individuals to focus on?

  Things that confirm pre-existing beliefs