internet

• What is the internet classified as?

  Largest Wide Area Network (WAN)
• How is the internet defined?

  A collection of interconnected networks
• What distinguishes the internet from the World Wide Web?

  The internet is a network; the Web is a service
• What connects a home network to the internet?

  • A typical wireless router
  • Connected to an ISP
  • Via telephone or fibre optic cable
• What does the router connect to in a home network?

  Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• What is the role of an ISP?

  Connects users to the internet backbone
• What does the ISP connect to?

  Domain Name Server (DNS) and other routers
• What are the connections of routers on the internet backbone?

  • Their own Local Area Networks (LANs)
  • Other routers
  • Servers
• What are the common functions of web servers?

  Hosting websites and handling client requests
• What is sent to a browser from a web server?

  A web page stored as HTML, CSS, JavaScript
• How does a browser render a web page?

  Using various rules to display content
• What does a client request via a web browser?

  A URL
• What happens when a browser sends a domain name?

  It is sent to a Domain Name Server (DNS)
• What does the DNS do with the domain name?

  Maps it to an IP address
• What is the IP address returned for www.bbc.co.uk?

  212.58.244.67
• What type of request is sent to the web server?

  A GET request
• What is returned to the client after the GET request?

  The requested web page
• What are the advantages of using the cloud?

  • Access anytime, anywhere, from any device
  • Large storage capacity
  • Automatic backup
  • Easy collaboration
• What is the role of a DNS server when receiving a URL?

  It queries a root name server
• What does the root server provide in response to a query?

  The address of the top-level domain server
• What does the resolver do after querying the root server?

  Makes a request to the .com TLD server
• What does the TLD server respond with?

  The IP address of the domain’s name server
• What does the recursive resolver do next?

  Queries the domain’s name server
• What does the authoritative name server return?

  The IP address of the requested domain
• What is the process of converting web addresses to IP addresses called?

  • Carried out by DNS resolver server
  • Part of the Domain Name Service
  • Involves multiple domain name servers
• What are the features of hosted solutions?

  • 24/7 access
  • Support for multiple users
  • Enhanced security
• What services do servers provide?

  • Web server
  • Web pages
  • File server
  • File storage/retrieval
• How do clients interact with servers?

  Clients request services from a server