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Homeostasis
Insulin
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Cards (26)
Why is it important to control blood glucose levels?
To maintain proper
bodily functions
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What part of the blood transports glucose?
Plasma
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What is the main component of blood plasma?
Mainly
water
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How does glucose move from blood into cells?
By
diffusion
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Why do cells need glucose?
For
respiration
to release energy
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What causes blood glucose levels to rise?
Eating
and
drinking
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Why do sweets and soft drinks cause quick rises in glucose levels?
They contain glucose that is quickly
absorbed
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What is the difference between glucose and starch in terms of absorption?
Glucose
is
small
and
soluble
,
starch
is
large
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Where in the digestive system is glucose absorbed?
Small intestine
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What enzyme is needed to break down starch?
Amylase
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Where is amylase produced?
Salivary glands,
pancreas
, small intestine
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What happens to blood glucose levels after glucose absorption?
They
rise
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What happens to water potential when blood glucose levels are high?
It
lowers
water potential
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How does osmosis relate to blood glucose levels?
Water moves from
cells
to blood
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What is a consequence of high blood glucose levels?
Increased blood pressure
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What happens to cells when they lose water due to high blood glucose?
They become
dehydrated
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What is the role of the pancreas in blood glucose control?
It detects
blood glucose levels
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What hormone does the pancreas release when blood glucose levels rise?
Insulin
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What does insulin do to blood glucose levels?
Stimulates
cells
to
take up
glucose
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What do liver and muscle cells do with glucose?
Convert it into
glycogen
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What is the correct spelling of the storage form of glucose?
Glycogen
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What are the steps in controlling blood glucose levels when they rise?
Eating and drinking increases glucose.
Small intestine
absorbs glucose.
Pancreas
detects increased glucose.
Pancreas releases
insulin
.
Insulin stimulates
glucose uptake
by cells.
Glucose is converted to
glycogen
in liver and muscle cells.
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What is negative feedback in the context of blood glucose control?
Corrective action is
switched on and off
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What happens when blood glucose levels return to normal?
Pancreas
stops releasing
insulin
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What is homeostasis in relation to blood glucose levels?
Maintaining
constant
internal environment
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What are the consequences of high blood glucose levels?
Lowers
water potential
Causes
dehydration of cells
Increases blood pressure
Slows down
chemical reactions
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