Insulin

    Cards (26)

    • Why is it important to control blood glucose levels?
      To maintain proper bodily functions
    • What part of the blood transports glucose?
      Plasma
    • What is the main component of blood plasma?
      Mainly water
    • How does glucose move from blood into cells?
      By diffusion
    • Why do cells need glucose?
      For respiration to release energy
    • What causes blood glucose levels to rise?
      Eating and drinking
    • Why do sweets and soft drinks cause quick rises in glucose levels?
      They contain glucose that is quickly absorbed
    • What is the difference between glucose and starch in terms of absorption?
      Glucose is small and soluble, starch is large
    • Where in the digestive system is glucose absorbed?
      Small intestine
    • What enzyme is needed to break down starch?
      Amylase
    • Where is amylase produced?
      Salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
    • What happens to blood glucose levels after glucose absorption?
      They rise
    • What happens to water potential when blood glucose levels are high?
      It lowers water potential
    • How does osmosis relate to blood glucose levels?
      Water moves from cells to blood
    • What is a consequence of high blood glucose levels?
      Increased blood pressure
    • What happens to cells when they lose water due to high blood glucose?
      They become dehydrated
    • What is the role of the pancreas in blood glucose control?
      It detects blood glucose levels
    • What hormone does the pancreas release when blood glucose levels rise?
      Insulin
    • What does insulin do to blood glucose levels?
      Stimulates cells to take up glucose
    • What do liver and muscle cells do with glucose?
      Convert it into glycogen
    • What is the correct spelling of the storage form of glucose?
      Glycogen
    • What are the steps in controlling blood glucose levels when they rise?
      1. Eating and drinking increases glucose.
      2. Small intestine absorbs glucose.
      3. Pancreas detects increased glucose.
      4. Pancreas releases insulin.
      5. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by cells.
      6. Glucose is converted to glycogen in liver and muscle cells.
    • What is negative feedback in the context of blood glucose control?
      Corrective action is switched on and off
    • What happens when blood glucose levels return to normal?
      Pancreas stops releasing insulin
    • What is homeostasis in relation to blood glucose levels?
      Maintaining constant internal environment
    • What are the consequences of high blood glucose levels?
      • Lowers water potential
      • Causes dehydration of cells
      • Increases blood pressure
      • Slows down chemical reactions
    See similar decks