affects development (in Zimbabwe lesson)

• not in any major trade blocs (such as the EU) which means countries are frozen out of trade

  economic
• land-locked - without access to the sea. it is hard to trade. This makes generating income or gaining access to new natural resources difficult

  (in Chad) physical
• if a country has only just started to industrialise. The UK industrialised over 200 years giving it a head-start 


  historical and economic
• they have an extreme climate - both extremes mean there will not always be a reliable food supply in a country 


  physical
• lots of debt - expensive repayments prevents them from investing in development

  (in South Sudan) economic
• civil war and unrest

  (Democratic republic of Congo) historical
• if a country was colonised, their resources were exploited unfairly

  (India) historical
• there are limited natural resources - without resources like fertile soil or safe water, it is hard to secure basic health in a country

  physical
• rely on primary products such as coffee, which has a low and fluctuating price

  economic