Kinetic Theory

• What are the properties of the particle diagram for a solid?

  Particles are closely packed and vibrate in place, incompressible, cannot mix
• What are the properties of the particle diagram for a liquid?

  Particles are closely packed and arranged randomly, can mix.
• What are the properties of the particle diagram for a gas?

  Particles have no contact and fill the space, compressible, can mix
• What happens to particles during the heating of a solid?

  Particles vibrate more in a solid
• What happens to the particles during the heating of liquids and gases?

  Particles move faster as they gain kinetic energy
• How do particles in a solid move?

  Particles vibrate on the spot in a solid
• What is the definition of 'absolute zero'?

  Absolute zero is the Lowest temperature achievable by a substance
• What happens to kinetic energy levels during cooling?

  Kinetic energy levels decrease during cooling
• What happens to the particles in liquids, solids, and gases during cooling?

  Particles move slower (in liquids and gases) and vibrate less (in solids)
• What is the meaning of internal energy?

  Internal energy is Total kinetic energy of all particles
• How do you increase and decrease internal energy?

  Heating increases, cooling decreases intern energy
• What happens to mass during physical changes?

  Mass is conserved during physical changes, as it cannot be created or destroyed
• What is the measurement for internal energy?

  Measured in Joules
• What is the definition of temperature?

  Measure of heat energy intensity
• How does thermal energy flow?

  Flows from where there is more to less to achieve equilibrium
• How does a liquid change to a gas?

  Via boiling
• How does a gas change to a liquid?

  Via condensing
• What happens to energy during melting and boiling changes?

  Energy increases during these changes
• What happens to energy during freezing and condensing?

  Energy decreases during these changes
• What does a heating curve graph show?

  Temperature of solid increases, state changes from solid to liquid, liquid temperature increase, liquid begins to boil, liquid changes into a gas
• What is being broken during a heating curve?

  Bonds are being broken
• What is being formed during a cooling curve?

  Bonds are being formed
• Which state of matter has the strongest forces? Why?

  Solids have the strongest forces, because particles are packed closest together.