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cell biology - cells
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leila
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Cards (27)
What are cells considered in biology?
The basic building
blocks
of life
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What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?
A
cell
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How do animal and plant cells differ from bacterial cells?
Animal and plant cells are
eukaryotic
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What type of cells are animal and plant cells?
Eukaryotic cells
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What type of cells are bacterial cells?
Prokaryotic cells
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What happens when an animal or plant cell divides?
It can
grow
or replace
dead cells
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How many types of cells does an adult human contain?
Over 40
trillion
cells
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What are the main subcellular structures found in both animal and plant cells?
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls
substances
passing in and out
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What does the nucleus contain?
The
genetic material
or
DNA
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What is cytoplasm?
A gel-like substance where
reactions
occur
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What is the role of mitochondria in cells?
Provide energy through
aerobic respiration
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What process do mitochondria use to release energy?
Aerobic respiration
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What do ribosomes do?
Site of
protein synthesis
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What additional structures do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Rigid
cell wall
made of
cellulose
Permanent
vacuole
containing
cell sap
Chloroplasts
for photosynthesis
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What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
Provides
support
and
structure
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What is contained in the permanent vacuole of plant cells?
A
mixture
of
sugars
,
salts
, and
water
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What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
Site of
photosynthesis
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What substance do chloroplasts contain that aids in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
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What type of cells are bacteria classified as?
Prokaryotic cells
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What is the genetic material in bacterial cells?
A
single circular strand of DNA
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What are plasmids in bacteria?
Small rings of DNA carrying extra
genes
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What is the function of flagella in some bacteria?
Propel
the bacteria for
movement
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How do bacterial cells differ from eukaryotic cells in terms of genetic material?
Bacterial cells lack a
nucleus
for DNA
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What is the term for a one-cell organism like bacteria?
Unicellular
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What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a
nucleus
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What is the significance of the circular chromosome in bacteria?
Contains all
genes
for survival and reproduction
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