Respiration

• What is the definition of cellular respiration?

  An exothermic reaction releasing energy from glucose
• What do organisms need energy for?

  For chemical reactions, movement, and warmth
• What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic uses oxygen; anaerobic does not
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?

  Glucose → lactic acid
• What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

  C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
• Why does aerobic respiration release more energy per glucose molecule than anaerobic respiration?

  Oxidation of glucose is complete in aerobic respiration
• What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

  Fermentation
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

  Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• How does the body supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood during exercise?

  Heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume increase
• What substance builds up in the muscles during anaerobic respiration?

  Lactic acid
• What happens to muscles during long periods of activity?

  Muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently
• What is oxygen debt?

  The amount of oxygen needed after exercise
• How is lactic acid removed from the body?

  Lactic acid is converted back to glucose in the liver
• What is metabolism?

  The sum of all reactions in a cell or body