The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

• How do the words we use influence our thoughts?

  They shape our perception and understanding.
• What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

  Language influences thought and perception.
• What does the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis state?

  Language determines thought.
• What does the weak version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggest?

  Language influences thinking.
• What happens if there are no words for an object or idea?

  You can't think about it.
• How do words help us perceive the world?

  They help to 'carve up' the world.
• Which version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is preferred?

  The weaker version.
• Why is the weaker version of the hypothesis preferred?

  We have limited memory for things without words.
• What does the evaluation of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggest?

  Differences in language and thought are exaggerated.
• How many words for snow does Inuit culture reportedly have?

  Two words.
• How does the English language compare to Inuit regarding snow?

  English has four words for snow.
• What does the statement "thoughts come before language" imply?

  Thought can exist independently of language.
• How does the presence of lots of snow affect perception?

  It changes the way we perceive the environment.
• What is the concept of restricted and elaborated code?

  • Restricted code: Limited language use
  • Elaborated code: More complex language
  • Affects working-class children's thinking ability
  • Linked to lower intelligence (Bernstein)