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Cell Level Systems
B1.2 What Happens In Cells?
Transcription and Translation (H)
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Cards (27)
Label the complementary bonds in Transcription.
A)
A
B)
B
C)
C
D)
G
E)
C
F)
G
G)
C
H)
A
8
Name all the different parts of Translation.
A)
amino acid chain
B)
complementary base pairs
C)
ribosome
D)
codon
E)
mRNA
5
What is the process called that produces mRNA from DNA?
Transcription
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Why can't DNA leave the nucleus of cells?
Because it is too
big
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What is mRNA?
A copy of
DNA
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How does mRNA differ from DNA?
mRNA is a
single strand
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What happens to the DNA during transcription?
The DNA
unzips
and separates
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What role does one DNA strand play during transcription?
It acts as a
template
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Which bases pair during the formation of mRNA?
Cytosine
pairs with
guanine
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What base replaces thymine in mRNA?
Uracil
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What happens to the DNA after mRNA is formed?
The DNA
zips
back up
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What can mRNA do after it is formed?
Move out of the
nucleus
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Where does mRNA travel to in the cell?
To
ribosomes
in the
cytoplasm
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What is the function of ribosomes in relation to mRNA?
They make
proteins
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What are proteins made from?
Amino acids
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How do different proteins form?
Different
amino acids
join together
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What determines the type and order of amino acids in proteins?
The order of
nucleotides
in DNA
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What is the process called by which proteins are made?
Translation
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What attaches to a ribosome during protein synthesis?
mRNA
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How does the ribosome interpret the nucleotide sequence?
By reading
nucleotides
in groups of three
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What are groups of three nucleotides called?
Base triplets
or
codons
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What does each codon code for?
A specific
amino acid
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What happens when the ribosome reads the triplet code?
It adds more
amino acids
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How do amino acids form a protein?
They join together in a
chain
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What determines how a protein will fold?
The sequence of
amino acids
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What is important for protein function?
The
specific
shape of the protein
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What types of proteins are produced?
Enzymes
and
hormones
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