Transcription and Translation (H)

Cards (27)

  • Label the complementary bonds in Transcription.
    A) A
    B) B
    C) C
    D) G
    E) C
    F) G
    G) C
    H) A
  • Name all the different parts of Translation.
    A) amino acid chain
    B) complementary base pairs
    C) ribosome
    D) codon
    E) mRNA
  • What is the process called that produces mRNA from DNA?
    Transcription
  • Why can't DNA leave the nucleus of cells?
    Because it is too big
  • What is mRNA?
    A copy of DNA
  • How does mRNA differ from DNA?
    mRNA is a single strand
  • What happens to the DNA during transcription?
    The DNA unzips and separates
  • What role does one DNA strand play during transcription?
    It acts as a template
  • Which bases pair during the formation of mRNA?
    Cytosine pairs with guanine
  • What base replaces thymine in mRNA?
    Uracil
  • What happens to the DNA after mRNA is formed?
    The DNA zips back up
  • What can mRNA do after it is formed?
    Move out of the nucleus
  • Where does mRNA travel to in the cell?
    To ribosomes in the cytoplasm
  • What is the function of ribosomes in relation to mRNA?
    They make proteins
  • What are proteins made from?
    Amino acids
  • How do different proteins form?
    Different amino acids join together
  • What determines the type and order of amino acids in proteins?
    The order of nucleotides in DNA
  • What is the process called by which proteins are made?
    Translation
  • What attaches to a ribosome during protein synthesis?
    mRNA
  • How does the ribosome interpret the nucleotide sequence?
    By reading nucleotides in groups of three
  • What are groups of three nucleotides called?
    Base triplets or codons
  • What does each codon code for?
    A specific amino acid
  • What happens when the ribosome reads the triplet code?
    It adds more amino acids
  • How do amino acids form a protein?
    They join together in a chain
  • What determines how a protein will fold?
    The sequence of amino acids
  • What is important for protein function?
    The specific shape of the protein
  • What types of proteins are produced?
    Enzymes and hormones