Enzymes

• Label all blank words.

  A) active site

  B) substrate

  
• In this reaction two substrate molecules fit next to each other in the enzymes active site. A bond forms between them to make a larger molecule. The product is then released. Use this info to fill in the gaps.

  A) larger molecules

  B) smaller

  C) substrate molecules

  D) fit into

  E) catalyse

  F) bond forms

  
• In this reaction a large substrate molecule fits into the enzymes active site. The bond between them breaks and two product molecules are released. Use this info to fill in the blanks.

  A) breaks

  B) enzyme-substrate

  C) enzyme

  D) smaller

  E) large

  F) smaller

  
• What are enzymes made of?

  Proteins
• What is the role of enzymes in reactions?

  They speed up reactions without being used up
• Can enzymes be reused after a reaction?

  Yes, they can be reused
• What are two functions of enzymes in the body?

  • Build larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g., protein synthesis)
  • Break down large molecules into smaller ones (e.g., digestion)
• What are enzymes made of?

  Long chains of amino acids
• What is the active site of an enzyme?

  It is where substrates bind to the enzyme
• What is the molecule that binds to the enzyme called?

  Substrate
• How does the substrate interact with the enzyme?

  The substrate fits inside the enzyme's active site
• Are enzymes specific in their function?

  Yes, they are highly specific
• What analogy is used to describe enzyme specificity?

  Enzyme as a lock, substrate as a key
• What is the name of the hypothesis that describes how enzymes work?

  Lock and key hypothesis
• What must happen for a substrate to bind to an enzyme?

  The substrate must fit exactly into the active site
• What happens if a substrate does not fit the active site of an enzyme?

  The molecule cannot bind to the enzyme
• What is formed when the substrate binds to the enzyme?

  Enzyme-substrate complex
• What happens after the enzyme-substrate complex is formed?

  The reaction occurs quickly, producing products
• What happens to the products after the reaction?

  They are released from the enzyme
• What is the state of the enzyme after the products are released?

  The enzyme is ready to catalyse another reaction
• What are the steps involved in enzyme catalysis after substrate binding?

  1. Substrate binds to enzyme
  2. Enzyme-substrate complex forms
  3. Reaction occurs quickly
  4. Products are released
  5. Enzyme is ready for another reaction