Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids

• Label all parts of diagram.

  A) carbohydrase

  B) sugar molecules

  C) carbohydrate

  
• Label all parts of diagram

  A) protease

  B) digestion

  C) protein

  D) small intestine

  E) amino acid

  
• Label all missing parts from diagram.

  A) fatty acid

  B) glycerol

  C) lipase

  
• Why do you need food?

  To maintain health and provide energy
• How do carbohydrates and fats affect your body?

  They provide energy for movement and survival
• What role do proteins play in the body?

  Growth and repair of body tissues
• What do you need small amounts of to remain healthy?

  Vitamins and minerals
• How does physical activity affect energy needs?

  The more active you are, the more energy you need
• What is metabolic rate?

  The speed of energy transfer in cells
• How does metabolic rate relate to food intake?

  The higher the metabolic rate, the more food needed
• What are carbohydrates made from?

  Smaller carbohydrate molecules like sugars
• What is sucrose used for?

  Making cakes
• What sugar is found in milk?

  Lactose
• How do plants use glucose?

  They convert it into starch
• What is the function of starch in plants?

  It serves as a chemical energy store
• What breaks down carbohydrates in the body?

  Carbohydrase enzymes
• What enzyme breaks down starch?

  Amylase
• What are proteins made from?

  Amino acids
• How many different amino acids are there?

  About 20
• What determines the type of protein that is synthesized?

  The order of amino acids joined
• What do protease enzymes do in the body?

  Break down proteins into amino acids
• What are lipids commonly known as?

  Fats and oils
• What is one function of lipids in animals?

  Insulation and buoyancy
• From what molecules are lipids synthesized?

  Three fatty acids and one glycerol
• What do lipase enzymes do in the body?

  Break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
• What happens to food molecules after digestion?

  They are absorbed into the bloodstream
• Where do digested food molecules travel after absorption?

  To the cells that need them
• What are the main functions of proteins and lipids in the body?

  • Proteins:
  • Building blocks of tissues
  • Enzymatic functions
  • Hormonal roles
  • Lipids:
  • Energy storage
  • Insulation
  • Buoyancy