Health and disease

• What is a healthy organism?

  One that works physically and mentally
• What defines a disease?

  A condition that disrupts normal function
• Can both plants and animals get diseases?

  Yes
• What are the two types of diseases?

  • Communicable diseases
  • Non-communicable diseases
• What is a communicable disease?

  A disease that spreads between organisms
• What causes communicable diseases?

  Pathogens infecting the organism
• What is a pathogen?

  A microorganism that causes disease
• What are the types of pathogens?

  • Bacteria
  • Viruses
  • Protists
  • Fungi
• What is a non-communicable disease?

  A disease that cannot be passed between organisms
• How long do non-communicable diseases generally last?

  They last for a long time
• What are non-communicable diseases often linked to?

  Unhealthy lifestyles
• How can one disease lead to another?

  • One disease can weaken the immune system
  • Increased susceptibility to other diseases
• What is the role of the immune system?

  To protect the body against disease
• What does HIV do to the immune system?

  Stops it from working properly
• What happens to tuberculosis bacteria in a healthy immune system?

  They are normally killed by the immune system
• How does HIV affect tuberculosis infection?

  It makes it harder to kill the bacteria
• Why are people with HIV more likely to suffer from tuberculosis?

  HIV weakens the immune response to tuberculosis
• What can some HPV infections cause?

  Cell changes leading to cancer
• What is HPV?

  A virus that can infect the reproductive system
• What type of cancer is nearly all cervical cancer cases linked to?

  HPV infections
• What is cervical cancer?

  Cancer of the cervix
• Where is the cervix located?

  It is the opening to the uterus
• Why can communicable diseases be passed between people?

  They involve pathogens