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Simple biology
B6
How disease spreads
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Created by
Evie paizis
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Cards (33)
What are communicable diseases caused by?
Pathogens
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What are pathogens?
Microscopic
organisms causing
communicable
diseases
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What are the four types of pathogens?
Bacteria
Viruses
Protists
Fungi
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What are bacteria?
Tiny,
single-celled
organisms
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How do bacteria make you feel ill?
By producing
toxins
that damage
cells
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How do viruses reproduce?
By invading and using
host cells
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What are protists that cause disease often classified as?
Parasites
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How do protists damage their host?
By using the host's
resources
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What structures do some fungi have?
Thread-like
structures
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How do fungi spread?
By producing
spores
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What happens once pathogens enter an organism?
They
multiply
quickly and cause symptoms
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What are the different ways communicable diseases spread?
Water
Food
Contact
Body fluids
Animal vectors
Soil
Air
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How can pathogens spread through water?
By drinking or bathing in
dirty
water
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What disease is caused by drinking contaminated water?
Cholera
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How can pathogens spread through food?
By eating
contaminated
food
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What bacteria can cause food poisoning?
Salmonella
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How can pathogens spread through contact?
By touching
contaminated
surfaces
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What disease does the tobacco mosaic virus cause?
Tobacco mosaic disease
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How does tobacco mosaic virus affect plants?
It makes leaves
patchy
and discolored
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What is the effect of discolored leaves on plants?
Reduced
photosynthesis
and growth
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How can pathogens spread through body fluids?
By blood,
breast milk
, and
semen
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What disease is caused by the protoctist transmitted by mosquitoes?
Malaria
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What role do mosquitoes play in the spread of malaria?
They act as vectors for the
protoctist
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What happens when a mosquito feeds on an infected animal?
It picks up the matured
protoctist
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Where does the protoctist infect humans?
In the
liver
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What is the effect of galls on plants?
They can slow
water flow
and weaken plants
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What can happen if a plant is infected by _Agrobacterium tumefaciens_?
It can develop
galls
that damage tissue
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How can pathogens spread through the air?
By
droplets
from
coughing
or
sneezing
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What fungus causes barley powdery mildew?
_
Erysiphe graminis
_
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What is the effect of barley powdery mildew on plants?
It reduces
photosynthesis
and growth
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How do fungal spores spread between plants?
By being blown by the
wind
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What are the built-in defense systems of the body?
Immune system
Skin barriers
Mucous membranes
Reflex actions
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What plant disease does _Agrobacterium tumefaciens_ cause?
Crown gall disease
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