volcanos

• What are the two types of volcanoes mentioned?

  Composite and shield volcanoes
• Where do volcanoes usually form?

  Along plate margins
• What is magma?

  Molten rock found within the Earth
• What does magma erupt to form?

  Lava
• What is a plate margin?

  Where two or more tectonic plates meet
• What happens at a constructive plate margin?

  Two tectonic plates move away from one another
• What occurs at a destructive plate margin?

  Two tectonic plates move towards one another
• What is subduction?

  When one crustal plate is forced beneath another
• How does subduction create magma?

  Oceanic crust sinks into the mantle
• How do volcanoes affect poorer countries differently?

  They cause more damage due to fewer resources
• What is Mount Aso known for?

  Being one of the world's most active volcanoes
• What are the positive and negative effects of volcano eruptions?

  Positive effects:

  • Fertile soil for agriculture
  • Geothermal energy sources
  • Creation of new land

  
  

  Negative effects:

  • Destruction of property and life
  • Displacement of communities
  • Environmental damage
• What are the monitoring techniques for volcanoes?

  • Seismic activity monitoring
  • Gas emissions analysis
  • Satellite imagery
  • Ground deformation measurements
• What are the characteristics of composite and shield volcanoes?

  Composite volcanoes:

  • Steep slopes
  • Explosive eruptions
  • Layers of ash and lava

  
  

  Shield volcanoes:

  • Gentle slopes
  • Non-explosive eruptions
  • Fluid lava flows
• What are the distinctive features of volcanoes?

  • Magma chamber: stores molten rock
  • Main vent: connects magma chamber to crater
  • Secondary vent: side pipe for blocked main vent
  • Crater: top hole for lava and ash escape
• What is a magma chamber?

  A region where molten magma collects
• What is the function of the main vent in a volcano?

  It connects the magma chamber to the crater
• What is magma?

  Molten rock found within the Earth
• What happens when the main vent of a volcano is blocked?

  Magma may escape through a secondary vent
• What is a crater in a volcano?

  The hole at the top where lava escapes
• What escapes from the crater of a volcano?

  Lava and ash
• What are the positive and negative effects of volcano eruptions?

  Positive effects:

  • Fertile soil from volcanic ash
  • Geothermal energy sources
  • Creation of new land

  
  

  Negative effects:

  • Destruction of property
  • Loss of life
  • Disruption of air travel
• What are the popular techniques for monitoring volcanoes?

  • Seismic activity measurement
  • Gas emission analysis
  • Ground deformation tracking
  • Thermal imaging
• Why might people choose to live near a volcano?

  • Access to fertile land
  • Availability of geothermal energy
  • Scenic views and tourism opportunities
• What are the positive effects of volcano eruptions?

  • Geothermal energy generation
  • Ash acts as fertilizer for soils
  • Attraction of tourists for scenery
• What are the negative effects of volcano eruptions?

  • Danger to human life
  • Damage to property
  • Economic activity disruption
  • Habitat and landscape damage
• What is geothermal energy?

  Energy from the heat of the Earth
• How does ash from volcanoes affect soil?

  It acts as a good fertilizer
• What is a lahar?

  A destructive volcanic landslide or mudflow
• What is a pyroclastic flow?

  A current of hot gas and rock
• What can large volcanoes affect globally?

  Global climates
• What is lava?

  Molten rock released from a volcano
• What happens to economic activity after a volcanic eruption?

  It can suffer due to operational difficulties
• What are volcanic bombs?

  Large blocks of hot rock thrown from a volcano
• Why is geothermal energy beneficial?

  It increases renewable energy use
• How do the positive and negative effects of volcanoes compare?

  They can significantly impact people and landscapes
• What are the two main types of volcanoes?

  Composite and shield
• What are the characteristics of composite volcanoes?

  • Acidic lava, very viscous
  • Steep sides, lava solidifies quickly
  • Alternate layers of ash and lava
  • Violent eruptions
  • Longer periods between eruptions
• Where are composite volcanoes typically found?

  On destructive plate margins
• What happens at a destructive plate margin?

  Oceanic crust sinks beneath continental crust