test

Cards (30)

  • How long is it believed the early atmosphere of the Earth formed?
    Over a billion years
  • Why is it hard to gather information about the early atmosphere?
    Due to the long time period and ancient materials
  • What covered the Earth's surface in the first billion years?
    Volcanoes
  • What was the primary gas in the early atmosphere?
    Carbon dioxide
  • Was there oxygen in the early atmosphere?
    Little or no oxygen
  • What gases did volcanoes release besides carbon dioxide?
    Nitrogen, methane, and water vapour
  • What happened to much of the carbon dioxide over time?
    It was removed from the atmosphere
  • Where did a lot of the carbon dioxide dissolve?
    In the oceans
  • What did dissolved carbon dioxide form in the oceans?
    Carbonates that precipitated as sediment
  • When did green plants and algae evolve?
    About 2.7 billion years ago
  • What process do green plants and algae use to produce oxygen?
    Photosynthesis
  • Write the equation for photosynthesis.
    6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
  • What happened to oxygen levels over time?
    They built up in the atmosphere
  • What is the composition of gases in the atmosphere today?
    80% nitrogen, 20% oxygen
  • What are the other gases present in the atmosphere?
    Less than 1% of other gases
  • What do greenhouse gases do?
    They trap heat inside the atmosphere
  • What can happen if greenhouse gases become more abundant?
    It can lead to global warming
  • What type of radiation is reduced by fossil fuels?
    Infrared radiation
  • What has been happening to the average temperature of the Earth's surface recently?
    It has been going up
  • What do most scientists think is causing the temperature increase?
    Extra carbon dioxide from human activities
  • What do scientists believe will result from increased carbon dioxide?
    Climate change
  • What does peer-reviewed evidence mean?
    Information is checked by experts
  • Why is it hard to create an accurate climate model?
    The Earth's climate is very complex
  • What has led to various theories and opinions about climate change?
    Media stories not based on good evidence
  • What could higher global temperatures cause?
    Melting ice and rising sea levels
  • What may changes in rainfall lead to?
    Regions getting too much or too little water
  • What could become more frequent and severe due to climate change?
    Droughts
  • How might changes in temperature and rainfall affect food production?
    It may affect production in certain places
  • Describe the greenhouse effect and its impact on global temperature.
    • Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere
    • This supports life but can lead to global warming
    • Increased greenhouse gases raise global temperatures
  • Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed.
    • Formed from particles of sediment
    • Sediment accumulates over time
    • Compacted and cemented together