ionic compounds

• What are ionic compounds made up of?

  Positively and negatively charged parts
• What is the overall charge of any ionic compound?

  Zero
• How do you determine the formula of an ionic compound?

  By balancing positive and negative charges
• What do 'dot and cross' diagrams represent?

  The movement of electrons during ionic bonding
• How does sodium chloride (NaCl) form through ionic bonding?

  • Sodium gives up its outer electron, becoming Na⁺.
  • Chlorine picks up the electron, becoming Cl⁻.
  • They form NaCl through electrostatic attraction.
• How does aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) form through ionic bonding?

  • Aluminium gives up three outer electrons, becoming Al³⁺.
  • Three chlorine atoms pick up the electrons, becoming three Cl⁻ ions.
  • They form AlCl₃ through electrostatic attraction.
• How does magnesium oxide (MgO) form through ionic bonding?

  • Magnesium gives up two outer electrons, becoming Mg²⁺.
  • Oxygen gains the electrons, becoming O²⁻.
  • They form MgO through electrostatic attraction.
• How does sodium oxide (Na₂O) form through ionic bonding?

  • Two sodium atoms give up their outer electrons, becoming two Na⁺ ions.
  • Oxygen gains the electrons, becoming O²⁻.
  • They form Na₂O through electrostatic attraction.
• What type of structure do ionic compounds have?

  Giant ionic structures
• How are ions arranged in ionic compounds?

  1. In a closely packed 3D lattice arrangement by the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

  Due to strong electrostatic attraction
• Can ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid?

  No, they cannot conduct electricity
• Under what conditions can ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  When melted or dissolved in water
• why do ionic compounds have high metling/boiling points?

  The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions is very strong. Because a lot of energy is needed to overcome the strong attraction, ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.