Menstrual cycle

• What is the endocrine system responsible for?

  Releasing hormones into the bloodstream
• What hormone do the testes produce?

  Testosterone
• What does testosterone stimulate in men?

  Production of sperm
• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  The roles of hormones in reproduction
• What hormone do the ovaries produce in women?

  Estrogen
• What happens to eggs in the ovaries after puberty begins?

  They start to mature
• What is ovulation?

  Release of an egg from the ovary
• What occurs to the uterus lining in preparation for ovulation?

  It becomes thick and spongy
• What happens if the egg is fertilized?

  It can implant into the uterus wall
• What happens if the egg is not fertilized?

  Both the egg and uterus lining are released
• What are the four key hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?

  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
• What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?

  Causes an egg to mature in the ovary
• What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

  Causes the egg to be released
• What is the function of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  Maintains the uterus lining and inhibits FSH
• What does progesterone do in the menstrual cycle?

  Keeps the uterus lining thick and inhibits FSH and LH
• What happens to progesterone levels if fertilization does not occur?

  Progesterone levels fall
• What is the result of falling progesterone levels?

  The uterus lining and egg are released
• How do FSH and estrogen interact in the menstrual cycle?

  • FSH causes egg maturation
  • FSH triggers estrogen production
  • Estrogen inhibits further FSH release
• How do LH and progesterone interact in the menstrual cycle?

  • LH triggers ovulation
  • Progesterone prevents FSH and LH release
  • Progesterone maintains the uterus lining
• What should students be prepared to interpret in exams regarding hormones?

  Graphs of hormone levels during the menstrual cycle
• What happens to FSH levels as estrogen levels increase?

  FSH levels fall
• What triggers the peak of LH levels?

  Increase in estrogen levels
• What happens to progesterone levels after ovulation?

  Progesterone levels rise
• What occurs if fertilization happens?

  The uterus lining is maintained
• What is the duration of the menstrual cycle?

  28 days
• What is the role of the uterus lining if fertilization occurs?

  It supports the developing baby