-When a conflict exists between the rights and dignity of the participants and the aims of the research. Researchers must follow BPS code of conduct
Informed consent-
-Participants should be made aware of the aims, procedures and their right to withdraw before they agree to take part
Ways of obtaining consent-
-Presumptive consent
-Prior general consent
-Retrospective consent
Presumptive consent -
-Rather than getting consent from participants themselves, a similar group of people are asked if the study is acceptable.
-If this group agree, then consent of orginal participants is ‘presumed’
Prior general consent-
-Ppts give their permission to take part in a number of different studies - including one that will not involve deception
-By consenting, ppts are effectively consenting to be deceived
Retrospective consent-
-Ppts are asked for their consent after already taking part
-They may not have been aware of their participation, or they may have been subject to deception
When vulnerable people don't have relatives or carers to give informed consent on their behalf, researchers have to seek consent from an ethics committee
Deception-
-Ppts shouldn't be deliberately misled
-Some deception is acceptable but ppts must be fully debriefed at the end
Protection from harm-
-Ppts shouldn't be exposed to any more risk than they would be in everyday life
-If harm has been caused, ppts should be offered counselling as part of the debrief
Confidentiality-
-Ppts anonymity and privacy must be respected and names should not be recorded
