Theft

• Appropriation can include: taking and abandonment

  Vinall
• Appropriation can include: assuming the right to sell

  Pithan and Hehl
• The appropriation must occur in the country

  Atakpu and Abrahams
• Consent is not valid with deception

  Lawrence
• Confidential information cannot be stolen

  Oxford
• Body parts can be stolen

  Kelly and Lindsay
• It is possible for an owner to steal their own proerty if another person retains proprietary interest

  Turner
• There is an obligation to return property if it was acquired by mistake

  Webster
• [obligation to return property acquired by mistake] is not the case for gambling


  Gilks
• The test for dishonesty is in two parts: what was the D's state of mind at the time (subjective) and would it be dishonest by ordinary standards

  Ivey, Barton and Booth
• There is no dishonesty where the D believes they have the right to deprive

  Robinson
• There is no dishonesty if the owner cant be found after abandonment

  Small
• If an item is returned in its origional state there is no intention to permanently deprive

  Lloyd
• If an exact copy of the item is returned there is an intention e.g. cash

  Velumyl