top-down approach

• What is the first stage in the construction of an FBI profile?

  Data assimilation
• What occurs during the data assimilation stage of profiling?

  The profiler reviews the evidence
• How is a crime scene classified in the second stage of profiling?

  As either organised or disorganised
• What is the focus of the crime scene classification stage?

  Determining the type of crime scene
• What is the third stage in the construction of an FBI profile?

  Crime reconstruction
• What does crime reconstruction involve?

  Hypothesis about sequence of events
• What aspects are considered in crime reconstruction?

  Sequence of events and victim's behavior
• What is the final stage in the construction of an FBI profile?

  Profile generation
• What does profile generation involve?

  Hypothesis related to the likely offender
• How does profile generation contribute to criminal investigations?

  It helps identify the likely offender
• What does research support show about offenders?

  There is a distinct organised category of offender
• Who conducted an analysis of 100 US murders?

  Canter conducted the analysis
• What statistical technique was used in the analysis of murders?

  Smallest space sample analysis
• How many aspects of serial killings were assessed in the analysis?

  39 aspects were assessed
• What did the analysis reveal about serial killings?

  There is an organised category feature
• Are the organised and disorganised types of offenders mutually exclusive?

  No, they are not mutually exclusive
• What does Godwin argue about classifying killers?

  It's difficult to classify killers as one type
• What was originally believed about the top-down approach?

  It only applied to certain types of crime
• Which types of crime were initially thought to be applicable to the top-down approach?

  Murder, rape, and arson
• What recent finding did Meketa report about top-down profiling?

  It has been applied to burglary
• What was the result of applying top-down profiling to burglary?

  85% rise in solved cases
• What new categories were added to the detection method?

  Interpersonal and opportunistic
• What does the wider application of top-down profiling suggest?

  It has more applications than assumed
• What criticism is made about the evidence for the top-down approach?

  The evidence can be criticized as flawed
• How many murderers were interviewed to develop FBI profiling?

  36 murderers were interviewed
• What types of murderers were included in the FBI profiling sample?

  25 serial killers and 11 single/double
• What did Canter argue about the sample used for profiling?

  The sample was poor and unrepresentative
• What issue arises from self-reported interviews in profiling?

  Participants could lie during interviews
• What does the flawed evidence imply about the top-down approach?

  It can't be applied to all offenders