anatomy terminology

• What is the anatomical position?

  Palms out, head facing front
• Why is the anatomical position important?

  It provides a standard reference for anatomy
• What does "prone" mean in anatomical terms?

  Forward or inclined towards
• What does "supine" mean in anatomical terms?

  Turned or thrown back
• What are the three anatomical planes?

  Transverse, Coronal, Sagittal
• What does the thorax region contain?

  Ribcage, heart, lungs, trachea
• How are the abdomen and pelvis divided for medical purposes?

  Into quadrants and regions
• What are the major regions of the body?

  • Head and Neck
  • Thorax
  • Abdomen
  • Pelvis
• What does "hypochondriac" refer to in anatomical terms?

  Under cartilage, related to ribs
• How is directionality determined in anatomy?

  By the body's perspective, not the observer's
• What do the terms "lateral" and "medial" refer to?

  To the side and to the middle
• What do "anterior" and "posterior" mean?

  Front and back of the body
• What do "superior" and "inferior" indicate?

  Above and below in relation to body parts
• What does "proximal" mean in anatomical terms?

  Close to the point of attachment
• What does "distal" mean in anatomical terms?

  Away from the point of attachment
• What do "superficial" and "deep" refer to?

  Close to the surface and further inside
• What are the types of specialized movements in anatomy?

  • Flexion and Extension
  • Abduction and Adduction
  • Rotation
  • Elevation and Depression
  • Protraction and Retraction
  • Pronation and Supination
  • Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion
• What is flexion in anatomical terms?

  A movement that decreases the angle between parts
• What is extension in anatomical terms?

  An increase in the angle between parts
• What does abduction mean?

  Away from the midline of the body
• What does adduction mean?

  Towards the midline of the body
• What is lateral rotation?

  Rotation towards the back of the body
• What is medial rotation?

  Rotation towards the chest
• What is elevation in anatomical terms?

  Movement in a superior direction
• What is depression in anatomical terms?

  Movement in an inferior direction
• What is protraction?

  Movement of arms anteriorly at the shoulder
• What is retraction?

  Movement of arms posteriorly at the shoulder
• What is pronation of the foot?

  Weight on the inside of the sole
• What is supination of the foot?

  Weight on the outside of the sole
• What is dorsiflexion?

  Decreases angle between foot and shin
• What is plantarflexion?

  Increases angle between foot and shin
• What is the function of tendons?

  Securing muscle to bone
• What do ligaments connect?

  Bone to bone
• How do ligaments differ from tendons?

  Less elastic than tendons
• What are the major types of supporting tissues?

  • Bones
  • Cartilage
  • Tendons
  • Ligaments
  • Fascia
• What are the four types of bones?

  • Sesamoid
  • Short
  • Flat
  • Long
• What is the function of cartilage?

  Acts as a shock absorber at joints
• What is the origin of cartilage?

  Originates from chondroblasts
• Why does cartilage heal slowly?

  It has no blood vessels for nutrition
• What are the three types of cartilage?

  Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage