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Criminology Unit 2
AC1.2
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Examples of crimes that is illegal in the Uk but legal in other countries?
Slavery
,
Bigamy
,
Child Labour
examples of crime that is legal in the Uk but illegal in other countries?
Abortion
,
Homosexuality
,
Alcohol consumption
Examples of crimes that used to be illegal but are now illegal in the Uk?
Suicide
,
Abortion
, Homosexuality
Examples of crime that used to be legal but are now illegal in the Uk?
Smoking
indoors,
Drink driving
,
Child labour
what is social construction?
something that has been made or defined by society rather than occurring
naturally
what is the social construction of criminality?
whichever
acts
a
society
defines as
criminal
,
one society/culture can define a particular act as criminal and pass a law against it while another sees nothing wrong with it
what is an example of how laws change over time?
Physical
Punishment
what is a physical punishment?
any
sanction
that contains a
physical
element
(hanging, hard labour, lethal injection)
what are the 2 categories of physical punishment?
corporal
punishment and
capital
punishment
what is corporal punishment?
physical punishment
that is intended to
cause pain or discomfort
what is capital punishment?
punishment that
results in death
examples of capital punishment
hanging
, beheading,
lethal injection
, electric chair,
drawn and quartering
examples of corporal punishment
hard labour
,
flogging
,
birching
, being placed in the
stock
,
branding
key historical events from capital punishment
11th centry-burning people at the stake
13th century-hanging, drawing and quartering
17th-19th century
- the bloody codes
1861
- capital punishment was abolished for all crimes except murder and high treason
1965
- the murder act suspended the death penalty for an initial 5 year period and was made permerment in
1969
key historical events from corporal punishments
1820
- illegal to
whip
women
1881
- removal of whipping from the navy
1948
- illegal to whip/birch men
1967
- whipping abolished in prisions
why did laws on capital punishment change?
breaches a
basic human right
the death penalty doesn't work as an
effective deterrent
we believe people can change
society doesn't take pleasure in watching people being hanged anymore
to many
miscarriages of justice
what were the significant dates for corporal punishment in schools?
1783
-
poland
bans corporal punishment in schools
1967
- the cane was abolished in
Uk
primary schools
1982
-
Ireland
ends all corporal punishments in schools
1998
- the cane was abolished in Uk private schools
what were the significant dates for corporal punishments for parents?
1979
-
Sweden
made it illegal for parents to smack their children
1983
-
Finland
made it illegal
2020
-
Scotland
made hitting children an offence
2022
-
wales
criminalised hitting children
why did the law on corporal punishment change?
it was considered
degrading
, it was an
abuse of power
, the
rights of children
, it did not contribute to the good behaviour of children
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