hazard management strategy’s

• hazard managment cycle

  1. prevention and mitigation
  2. preparation
  3. response
  4. recovery
• modifying the event

  mitigating the impacts of the hazard by reducing it’s effective areal extent / effective magnitude
• modifying vulnerability

  remove people from the hazard or help them cope with impacts
• modifying loss

  reduce the short and long term losses by acting to aid recovery and reconstruction
• mitigation

  practices used to describe actions and interventions that a community may take to reduce vulnerability in advance of hazards
• adaption

  ways in which communities may be able to live with a tectonic hazard by making adjustments to reduce risk
• micro

  strengthening individual buildings, people or structures
• macro

  large scale protective measures to protect whole communities
• mitigation actions

  1. zoning, land use planning
  2. creating building codes
  3. building protective structures
• preparedness actions

  1. developing preparedness plans
  2. early warning systems
  3. evacuation routes
  4. stock piling equipment
  5. raising public awareness
• response actions

  1. search and rescue
  2. evacuating people
  3. restoring infrastructure
• recovery actions

  short term

  1. heath and safety services
  2. providing food + temp shelter
  3. financial assistance

  long term

  1. rebuilding homes
  2. rebuilding infranstructure
• what is DRR

  disaster risk reduction
• hazard mitigation stratagies

  1. land use zoning
  2. divirting lava flows
  3. GIS mapping
  4. hazard resistant design
• hazard adaption stratagies

  1. high tech monitoring
  2. crisis mapping
  3. modelling hazard impact
  4. public education
  5. community preparedness
• land use zoning

  local government planners regulate how land in a community is used. areas at risk are divided into zones based on vulnerability.
• dividting lava flows

  the path taken by lava is hard to predict so it’s difficult to know where to build walls/ dig channels.
• GIS mapping

  identifies areas at the most risk by combining information (location, population etc) to aid response of a hazard before the event occurs
• hazard resistant design and engineering

  designing and constructing buildings to withstand hazard events more effectively.
• hazard adaption strategies

  acknowledging the hazard threat by reducing people’s vulnerability to see its impacts.
• high tech monitoring

  technological monitoring systems allow scientists + others to learn more about natuarl processes to create predictions.

  • GIS mapping
  • early warning systems
  • satellite communications
  • mobile phone technology
• crisis mapping

  uses crowd sourced information as well as satellite imagery, maps and satistical models to map areas struck by disaster
• modelling hazard impact

  computer models allow scientists to predict the impacts of hazard events on communities
• public education

  good education and awareness reduces vulnerability and prevents hazards from becoming disasters
• community preparedness and adaption

  people living in a community are at risk from hazards and are advised to develop suitable plans and educate resident.
• key players in managing loss

  1. aid donars
  2. non governmental organisations
  3. role of insurance
  4. role of communitties
• aid donars

  divided into stages that follow the hazar managemnt cycle

  1. emergency aid : food / water
  2. short term aid : restoring water supplies
  3. long term aid : reconstruction
• non governmental organisations

  important in disasters where local governments are struggling to respond or do not have the right resources.
• role of insurance

  helps communities recover from disasters as in many countries soem people have no access to insurance
• the role of communitys

  locals are crucial in the immediate search and rescue affects. aid may take a while to arrive to locals undertake recovery steps
• the park model

  a model that shows how a country / region might respond after a hazardous event. used to compare how areas at different levels of development might recover

  • all hazard events have different impacts so curves are dis
• • all hazard events have different impacts so there curves are different
  • wealthier countries have different curves to LICS as they recover quicker
• park model definition

  also known as the disaster response curve to show the effects of a hazard on the quality of life over a sentence of time
• park model stages

  1. occurs prior to the event and that quality of life is normal
  2. where the hazard occurs - quality of life is normal
  3. event has happend and search + rescue is underway. qaulity of life falls
  4. relief stratgies are underway and there is an organised program to help. quality of life is improving
  5. long term human responses. qaulity of life returns to normal / increases