forces and breaking

• What are the potential dangers of large decelerations?

  Loss of control and brake overheating
• What is the stopping distance of a car composed of?

  Thinking distance plus braking distance
• How does speed affect braking distance?

  Higher speed increases braking distance significantly
• What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

  Kinetic energy = $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$
• What happens to kinetic energy when the velocity of a car doubles?

  Kinetic energy quadruples
• What occurs to kinetic energy when a car brakes?

  Kinetic energy converts to thermal energy
• What causes the temperature of the brakes to increase during braking?

  Friction between brake and wheel
• What is the relationship between speed and braking force needed?

  Greater speed requires greater braking force
• What happens if a large braking force is applied?

  Car decelerates rapidly, brakes may overheat
• How long does it take for the car to decelerate to zero?

  10 seconds
• What is the calculated acceleration of the car?

  3 meters per second squared
• What force is calculated for the deceleration of the car?

  3000 Newtons